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TMRE [Tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester] *CAS#: 115532-52-0*

<strong>CcO inhibition and PTM induce mitochondrial dysfunction. </strong>(A) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3&thinsp;h treatment with NaN<sub>3</sub>. (B) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (A). (C) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3&thinsp;h treatment with KCN. (D) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (C,E) Cellular ATP levels following 2&thinsp;h treatment with NaN<sub>3</sub> and PTM. (F) Cellular ATP levels following 2&thinsp;h treatment with KCN and PTM. Scale bar: 100&thinsp;&micro;m Data are mean&thinsp;+&thinsp;SEM from three independent experiments. Source: <strong>Cytochrome C oxidase Inhibition and Cold Plasma-derived Oxidants Synergize in Melanoma Cell Death Induction</strong> by Gandhirajan et al., <em>Scientific Reports</em>, Aug. 2018.
<strong>CcO inhibition and PTM induce mitochondrial dysfunction. </strong>(A) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3&thinsp;h treatment with NaN<sub>3</sub>. (B) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (A). (C) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3&thinsp;h treatment with KCN. (D) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (C,E) Cellular ATP levels following 2&thinsp;h treatment with NaN<sub>3</sub> and PTM. (F) Cellular ATP levels following 2&thinsp;h treatment with KCN and PTM. Scale bar: 100&thinsp;&micro;m Data are mean&thinsp;+&thinsp;SEM from three independent experiments. Source: <strong>Cytochrome C oxidase Inhibition and Cold Plasma-derived Oxidants Synergize in Melanoma Cell Death Induction</strong> by Gandhirajan et al., <em>Scientific Reports</em>, Aug. 2018.
<strong>CcO inhibition and PTM induce mitochondrial dysfunction. </strong>(A) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3&thinsp;h treatment with NaN<sub>3</sub>. (B) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (A). (C) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3&thinsp;h treatment with KCN. (D) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (C,E) Cellular ATP levels following 2&thinsp;h treatment with NaN<sub>3</sub> and PTM. (F) Cellular ATP levels following 2&thinsp;h treatment with KCN and PTM. Scale bar: 100&thinsp;&micro;m Data are mean&thinsp;+&thinsp;SEM from three independent experiments. Source: <strong>Cytochrome C oxidase Inhibition and Cold Plasma-derived Oxidants Synergize in Melanoma Cell Death Induction</strong> by Gandhirajan et al., <em>Scientific Reports</em>, Aug. 2018.
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Physical properties
Molecular weight514.95
SolventDMSO
Spectral properties
Correction Factor (260 nm)0.27
Correction Factor (280 nm)0.03
Excitation (nm)552
Emission (nm)574
Storage, safety and handling
Certificate of OriginDownload PDF
H-phraseH303, H313, H333
Hazard symbolXN
Intended useResearch Use Only (RUO)
R-phraseR20, R21, R22
StorageFreeze (< -15 °C); Minimize light exposure
UNSPSC12352200
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OverviewpdfSDSpdfProtocol


CAS
115532-52-0
Molecular weight
514.95
Correction Factor (260 nm)
0.27
Correction Factor (280 nm)
0.03
Excitation (nm)
552
Emission (nm)
574
Positively charged rhodamine dyes (such as rhodamine esters and rosamines) are selectively localized in mitochondria, thus they are widely used for labeling mitochondria of live cells. Like JC-1, TMRM and TMRE are widely used for measuring mitochondrial membrane potential besides their selective mitochondrial staining. These two particular rhodamine esters stain mitochondria orange in fluorescence. Their spectral properties are similar to those of TRITC, making the use of TMRM and TMRE quite convenient. TMRE is slightly more hydrophobic than TMRM.

Calculators


Common stock solution preparation

Table 1. Volume of DMSO needed to reconstitute specific mass of TMRE [Tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester] *CAS#: 115532-52-0* to given concentration. Note that volume is only for preparing stock solution. Refer to sample experimental protocol for appropriate experimental/physiological buffers.

0.1 mg0.5 mg1 mg5 mg10 mg
1 mM194.194 µL970.968 µL1.942 mL9.71 mL19.419 mL
5 mM38.839 µL194.194 µL388.387 µL1.942 mL3.884 mL
10 mM19.419 µL97.097 µL194.194 µL970.968 µL1.942 mL

Molarity calculator

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Spectrum


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spectrum

Spectral properties

Correction Factor (260 nm)0.27
Correction Factor (280 nm)0.03
Excitation (nm)552
Emission (nm)574

Images


Citations


View all 21 citations: Citation Explorer
Linoleic acid exhibits anti-proliferative and anti-invasive activities in endometrial cancer cells and a transgenic model of endometrial cancer
Authors: Qiu, Jianqing and Zhao, Ziyi and Suo, Hongyan and Paraghamian, Sarah E and Hawkins, Gabrielle M and Sun, Wenchuan and Zhang, Xin and Hao, Tianran and Deng, Beor and Shen, Xiaochang and others,
Journal: Cancer Biology \& Therapy (2024): 2325130
Novel meriolin derivatives activate the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in the presence of antiapoptotic Bcl-2
Authors: Schmitt, Laura and Lechtenberg, Ilka and Drie{\ss}en, Daniel and Flores-Romero, Hector and Skowron, Margaretha A and Sekeres, Marlena and Hoppe, Julia and Krings, Karina S and Llewellyn, Tanya R and Peter, Christoph and others,
Journal: Cell Death Discovery (2024): 125
Do the same chlorinated organophosphorus flame retardants that cause cytotoxicity and DNA damage share the same pathway?
Authors: Yuan, Shengwu and Zhang, Hong and Wang, Shuhang and Jiang, Xia and Ma, Mei and Xu, Yiping and Han, Yingnan and Wang, Zijian
Journal: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (2024): 116158
Tetraarsenic tetrasulfide triggers ROS-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia by targeting HK2
Authors: Bai, Wenke and Liu, Diandian and Cheng, Qianyi and Yang, Xingge and Zhu, Liwen and Qin, Lijun and Fang, Jianpei
Journal: Translational Oncology (2024): 101850
Novel meriolin derivatives activate the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in the presence of antiapoptotic Bcl-2
Authors: Wesselborg, Sebastian and Schmitt, Laura and Hinxlage, Ilka and Drie{\ss}en, Daniel and Flores-Romero, Hector Dr and Skowron, Margaretha and Sekeres, Marlena and Hoppe, Julia and Krings, Karina and Peter, Christoph and others,
Journal: (2023)
Ipatasertib exhibits anti-tumorigenic effects and enhances sensitivity to paclitaxel in endometrial cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: O'Donnell, Jillian and Zhao, Ziyi and Buckingham, Lindsey and Hao, Tianran and Suo, Hongyan and Zhang, Xin and Fan, Yali and John, Catherine and Deng, Boer and Shen, Xiaochang and others,
Journal: International Journal of Oncology (2023): 1--14
BNIP3 (BCL2 interacting protein 3) regulates pluripotency by modulating mitochondrial homeostasis via mitophagy
Authors: Liu, Kun and Zhao, Qian and Sun, Hongyan and Liu, Lei and Wang, Chaoqun and Li, Zheng and Xu, Youqing and Wang, Liang and Zhang, Lin and Zhang, Honghai and others,
Journal: Cell death \& disease (2022): 1--8
The mycotoxin viriditoxin induces leukemia-and lymphoma-specific apoptosis by targeting mitochondrial metabolism
Authors: Stuhldreier, Fabian and Schmitt, Laura and Lenz, Thomas and Hinxlage, Ilka and Zimmermann, Marcel and Wollnitzke, Philipp and Schliehe-Diecks, Julian and Liu, Yang and J{\"a}ger, Paul and Geyh, Stefanie and others,
Journal: Cell Death \& Disease (2022): 1--17
Metformin dampens cisplatin cytotoxicity on leukemia cells after incorporation into cubosomal nanoformulation
Authors: Saber, Mona M and Al-mahallawi, Abdulaziz M and Stork, Bj{\"o}rn
Journal: Biomedicine \& Pharmacotherapy (2021): 112140
The amino acid metabolism is essential for evading physical plasma-induced tumour cell death
Authors: Gandhirajan, Rajesh Kumar and Meyer, Dorothee and Sagwal, Sanjeev Kumar and Weltmann, Klaus-Dieter and von Woedtke, Thomas and Bekeschus, Sander
Journal: British journal of cancer (2021): 1854--1863

References


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CRYAB and HSPB2 deficiency increases myocyte mitochondrial permeability transition and mitochondrial calcium uptake
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