logo
AAT Bioquest

FAQ

Posted on August 27, 2024
What is oxidation?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are the examples of oxidation?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What is reduction?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are the examples of reduction reactions?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are the similarities between oxidation and reduction reactions?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are the differences between oxidation and reduction reactions?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What is a redox reaction?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What happens during a redox reaction?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
How do I determine if a particular reaction is a redox reaction?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What is the significance of redox reactions?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What is an oxidation number?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
How do I find the oxidation number?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are oxidation number rules?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are the similarities between redox and nonredox reactions?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are the differences between redox and nonredox reactions?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are oxidizing and reducing agents?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are the examples of oxidizing and reducing agents?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
How do I identify oxidizing and reducing agents?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What factors affect the oxidizing power of an oxidizing agent?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
Which elemental oxidizing agent is the most effective?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
Why is fluorine the most effective elemental oxidizing agent?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 27, 2024
What are the different types of redox reactions?
Chemical ReagentsCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)


Posted on August 26, 2024
How does a cell regulate osmosis and diffusion?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on August 26, 2024
What are the similarities between diffusion and osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on August 26, 2024
What are the differences between diffusion and osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on August 26, 2024
What is the significance of diffusion and osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on August 26, 2024
Is energy required for diffusion and osmosis to occur?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on August 15, 2024
How is propagation of action potentials terminated once the message has been sent/received?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on August 15, 2024
How do neurons inverse an action potential?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 16, 2024
What is a zwitterion?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ionsamino acid sequence


Posted on July 16, 2024
Are amphoteric species zwitterionic?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ionsamino acid sequence


Posted on July 16, 2024
What is a zwitterionic surfactant?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ionsamino acid sequence


Posted on July 5, 2024
How do action potentials work?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What is resting membrane potential (RMP)?
BioconjugationCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
Where does the resting membrane potential come from?
BioconjugationCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are the different types of ions found in neurons?
BioconjugationCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
How do ions cross the membrane?
BioconjugationCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
How is resting membrane potential (RMP) produced and maintained?
BioconjugationCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
How are resting potentials measured?
BioconjugationCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are the main factors that determine the membrane potential?
BioconjugationCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are the features of action potentials?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
How can the potential difference be measured?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are the ionic mechanisms of resting potentials?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What factors determine how quickly an action potential will travel?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
Why is the inside of a neuron negatively charged?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are the ions that contribute to the membrane potential of neurons?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What happens during an action potential?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are the differences between a graded potential and an action potential?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
Is it possible for a neuron to generate an action potential without stimuli?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are graded potentials?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
Why do action potentials travel in only one direction?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
Does the size of an action potential change?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
Why does the size of an action potential not change?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
How does action potential change with signal intensity?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
How are membrane potential different from action potential?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What is equilibrium potential?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What's the significance of equilibrium potential?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are the factors that can induce the movement of the ions through ion channels?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are postsynaptic potentials?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 3, 2024
What are the general properties of postsynaptic potentials?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on June 11, 2024
What is osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What are the examples of osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What's the biological significance of osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
How does osmosis affect the cells?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What are the factors affecting the rate of osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What are different types of osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What is forward osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What are the applications of forward osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What are the differences between endosmosis and exosmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What is the significance of endosmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What happens if endosmosis and exosmosis occur in excess?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What are the conditions required for endosmosis and exosmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What does tonicity mean?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
How does tonicity affect osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What is osmoregulation?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What are the different types of osmoregulation in different organisms?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on June 11, 2024
What is homeostasis?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on June 11, 2024
What are the examples of homeostasis?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on June 11, 2024
Which body systems help to maintain homeostasis?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on June 11, 2024
How is homeostasis regulated?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on June 11, 2024
What are the factors that can affect homeostasis?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on June 11, 2024
How does the cell maintain homeostasis in the body?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on June 11, 2024
What is the significance of homeostasis?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on June 11, 2024
What role does liver play in homeostasis?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on May 31, 2024
How does reverse osmosis work?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsPurification


Posted on May 31, 2024
What are the applications of reverse osmosis?
Chemical ReagentsCalculating ConcentrationIntracellular Ions


Posted on May 29, 2024
How is polarity measured?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on May 29, 2024
What is polarity?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on May 29, 2024
What is a solute?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on May 29, 2024
What are common solutes in chemistry?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on May 24, 2024
What do all acids have in common?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What are the properties of diluted acids?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What are the usages of diluted acids?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
Why it is recommended to add acid in water during dilution of acid?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What happens to the pH value of a diluted acid?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
How do I store diluted acid?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What is dilute acid?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What are the examples of dilute acid?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What is a base?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What are the properties of bases?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What are organic acids?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What are the examples of organic acids?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What are the characteristics of organic acids?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What are mineral acids?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
How can the nature of a solution be defined?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What is the relationship between pH and temperature?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
Are pH and acidity the same?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
How are enzymes affected by temperature and pH?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What is a pH scale?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What are the limitations of a pH scale?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What is pKa?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
How is pKa different from pH?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
How are pH and pKa related?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 24, 2024
What is isoelectric point (pI)?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pHisoelectric point


Posted on May 24, 2024
What does the isoelectric point tell me?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pHisoelectric point


Posted on May 23, 2024
How do I measure basicity?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
What are the differences between basicity and nucleophilicity?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
What is a nucleophile?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
How do I measure nucleophilicity?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
What are the key factors that influence nucleophilicity?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
How do acids and bases affect living organisms?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
What is the chemical reaction between an acid and a base?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
What are the factors which stabilize negative charge in organic chemistry?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
How do acid-base reactions affect the reactivity of a molecule?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
How do I use pKa values to determine basicity?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 23, 2024
Why are acid-base reactions faster than substitution or addition reactions?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
How do I calculate pH from pKa and concentration?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
How do I calculate isoelectric points?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pHisoelectric point


Posted on May 17, 2024
What are acidic side chains?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
How will the isoelectric points be affected by acidic side chains?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
What is an acid-base reaction?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
What are the components of an acid-base reaction?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
How do I use pKa values to tell if an acid base reaction is favorable or unfavorable?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
What factors determine the strengths of acids and bases?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
What are the factors that influence acidity?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
What are the factors that stabilize negative charge in organic chemistry?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
What are the important factors that affect the basicity of amines?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
What is basicity of amines?
Chemical Reagents ToolsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 17, 2024
How do I quantify the basicity of amines?
Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pH


Posted on May 2, 2024
What is a reaction mechanism?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on May 2, 2024
What is the rate-determining step?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on May 2, 2024
What is reaction order?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on May 2, 2024
What are the methods used to determine reaction order?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 23, 2024
Why is transduction important?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesDNA and RNA QuantitationIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probesbacteria


Posted on February 22, 2024
What are the limitations of covalent binding immobilization?
Cellular ProcessesEnzymesIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 21, 2024
What are the advantages of covalent binding immobilization?
BioconjugationCellular ProcessesEnzymesIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 21, 2024
What are the properties of ionic bonds?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 14, 2024
What is meant by chemical bonding?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 14, 2024
What are the different types of chemical bonds?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 14, 2024
How do I determine the type of bond formed between two atoms?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 14, 2024
What are ions?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 14, 2024
What are the different types of ions?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsSodium Ions


Posted on February 14, 2024
How is a sodium ion formed?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 14, 2024
What are the two elements that make up an ionic compound?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 14, 2024
Why are the melting points of ionic compounds so high?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 14, 2024
How do I break ionic bonds?
Bioconjugation Chemical ReagentsIntracellular Ions


Posted on February 9, 2024
What's the significance of ion channels?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and Channelsion channel


Posted on February 9, 2024
What happens when a ligand binds to ion-channel linked receptors?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 8, 2024
What is chemiosmosis?
ATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 8, 2024
What’s the role of chemiosmosis in cellular energy production?
ATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 8, 2024
What are the applications of chemiosmosis?
ATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 8, 2024
How does chemiosmosis produce ATP?
ATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 8, 2024
What is a proton gradient?
ATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 8, 2024
What is a proton gradient’s role in the formation of ATP?
ATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 8, 2024
What is proton-motive force?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 8, 2024
How can proton-motive force be generated?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 8, 2024
What do the components of chemiosmosis do?
ATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on February 2, 2024
What kinds of positive controls are necessary for calcium assays?
Calcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium Indicators


Posted on February 2, 2024
Are there any reasons for using flow cytometry to measure calcium flux?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
Can I use the same calcium reagents for microscopy as I do for flow?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsMicroscopyPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
Is it possible to measure real time calcium flux with a flow cytometer?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
Can I measure what proportion of cells are responsive in my calcium flux assay?
Calcium IndicatorsEC50Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium Indicators


Posted on February 2, 2024
What are the advantages of using a ratiometric calcium probe vs. a single-channel dye?
Calcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium Indicators


Posted on February 2, 2024
Which calcium dyes work with flow cytometry lasers?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsFluoresceinsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
Can I combine Fura Red with Fluo-3 or Fluo-4 for ratiometric analysis?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
Should cells be equilibrated before a flow calcium assay?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
What kinds of stimulants are used for flow calcium assays?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
What is the purpose of ionomycin in calcium flux flow assays?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
What buffers should be used for flow calcium assays?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
What is the difference between negative control and baseline for flow cytometry calcium assays?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
Are there any substitutes for probenecid in calcium assays?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometryprobenecid


Posted on February 2, 2024
Is probenecid required for calcium assays?
Calcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium Indicatorsprobenecid


Posted on February 2, 2024
What is the purpose of probenecid in calcium flux flow assays?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometryprobenecid


Posted on February 2, 2024
Is a wash step required for calcium flux flow assays?
Calcium IndicatorsFlow Cytometry ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium IndicatorsSpectral Flow Cytometry


Posted on February 2, 2024
What is the dye concentration for calcium indicators?
Calcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium Indicators


Posted on February 2, 2024
Are there any red calcium flux dyes?
Calcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesRatiometric Calcium Indicators


Posted on January 22, 2024
What are the functions of carrier proteins?
ATPAntibody and Protein LabelingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPlasma Membraneion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on January 22, 2024
What do channel proteins allow through the membrane?
Antibody and Protein LabelingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPlasma Membraneion channelmembrane potentialmembrane proteins


Posted on January 22, 2024
What are the types of channel proteins depending on their function in the cell?
Antibody and Protein LabelingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPlasma Membraneion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on January 22, 2024
What are the examples of channel protein?
Antibody and Protein LabelingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPlasma Membraneion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on November 27, 2023
How do ions enter the cell?
Cellular ProcessesCellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPlasma Membranemembrane proteins


Posted on November 21, 2023
What is Sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate (SBFI)?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on November 21, 2023
What are the commonly used Na+ indicators?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on November 21, 2023
How does SBFI work as a sodium indicator?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on November 21, 2023
What are the alternatives to SBFI for measuring sodium levels in cells?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on November 21, 2023
What are the applications of SBFI?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on November 21, 2023
How is SBFI introduced into cells or samples for measurement?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on October 17, 2023
What are the biomedical uses of lithium?
Intracellular Ionslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
What are the chemical, biological and clinical properties of lithium?
Intracellular Ionslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
What is the significance of lithium?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probeslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
What are the sources of lithium?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probeslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
Why do sodium ions need a channel to cross the membrane?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on October 17, 2023
What are the major lithium transporting proteins?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probeslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
What are the effects of lithium at the neurotransmission level?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probeslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
What intracellular proteins does lithium inhibit?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probeslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
What factors affect lithium levels in biological samples?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probeslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
What are the symptoms of lithium toxicity?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probeslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
What biological samples are typically used for lithium salt detection?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probeslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
Why is it important to detect lithium in biological samples?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probeslithium


Posted on October 17, 2023
What is the significance of sodium in biology?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on October 17, 2023
What are the functions of sodium ions?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on October 17, 2023
What is the biological significance of sodium ions?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSodium Ions


Posted on October 17, 2023
Are there more sodium ions on the outside of cells or the inside?
Cellular Structures and OrganellesIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsMitochondriaPlasma membrane


Posted on October 17, 2023
What is the process of moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane?
ATPIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesPlasma MembraneSodium Ions


Posted on October 17, 2023
How do inorganic ions participate in biological processes?
Intracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsMitochondriaPhysiological ProbesPlasma Membrane


Posted on October 17, 2023
Why is it so important to keep the interior of the cells low in Na+ and high in K+?
Intracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsMitochondriaPhysiological ProbesPlasma Membrane


Posted on September 15, 2023
Where is most of the potassium found in the body?
Intracellular IonsMembrane Potential and Channelsion channel


Posted on September 15, 2023
What are the common ions?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on September 15, 2023
Why is the sodium-potassium pump considered as an active transport mechanism?
ATPIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological ProbesPlasma Membrane


Posted on September 15, 2023
What is the role of ATP in the sodium-potassium pump?
ATPIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPlasma Membrane


Posted on September 15, 2023
What happens if the sodium-potassium pump fails or is inhibited?
ATPIntracellular IonsMembrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological ProbesPlasma Membrane


Posted on September 15, 2023
What are the methods used for potassium ion analysis?
Intracellular Ions


Posted on July 25, 2023
What are the major classes of second messengers?
Cell SignalingIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
What are the common second messengers?
Cell SignalingIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
What are the types of second messengers?
Cell SignalingIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 25, 2023
How do second messengers work?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
What is the role of calcium ions (Ca2+) as a second messenger?
Calcium IndicatorsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
Can second messenger systems cross-talk with each other?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
What happens to second messengers after signaling?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
How can cell communication be disrupted?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
What are the steps in the signal transduction pathway?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
What are some common signaling pathways?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesEnzymesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
What are the different types of cell signaling molecules?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on July 25, 2023
What are the functions of cell surface receptors?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesG-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR)Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesReceptor Proteins


Posted on October 25, 2022
What are the types of signaling molecules?
BioconjugationApoptosis and NecrosisCell SignalingCellular ProcessesG-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR)Intracellular Ions


Posted on October 24, 2022
How do ligands and ligand receptors work?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesG-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR)Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on October 24, 2022
Where are the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) located?
Cell Structures and OrganellesCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsMitochondriaPhysiological Probesphysiological Probes


Posted on October 24, 2022
Does a ligand bind to a receptor?
Cell Cycle AssaysCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on October 24, 2022
What are the differences between ligands and receptors?
Cell SignalingCell Structures and OrganellesCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesPlasma Membrane


Posted on October 13, 2022
What are the types of cell surface receptors?
Cell SignalingCellular ProcessesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on October 7, 2022
How do cells recognize signals?
Calcium IndicatorsChemical ReagentsIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on October 7, 2022
What are the similarities between intracellular and intercellular signaling?
Calcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsIntracellular pHPhysiological Probes


Posted on September 13, 2022
What are the examples of channel proteins?
Chemical ReagentsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsIntracellular ProbesProteinion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on September 13, 2022
What is the function of channel proteins?
Chemical ReagentsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsIntracellular ProbesProteinion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on September 13, 2022
What is the structure of channel proteins?
Chemical ReagentsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsIntracellular ProbesProteinion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on September 13, 2022
What are the functions of the carrier proteins?
Chemical ReagentsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsIntracellular ProbesProteinion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on September 13, 2022
What are the examples of carrier proteins?
Chemical ReagentsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsIntracellular ProbesProteinion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on September 13, 2022
What is the mechanism of carrier proteins?
Chemical ReagentsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsIntracellular ProbesProteinion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on September 13, 2022
What are the types of channel proteins?
Chemical ReagentsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsIntracellular ProbesProteinion channelmembrane proteins


Posted on September 13, 2022
What are the differences between channel and carrier proteins?
Chemical ReagentsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular Ionsion channel


Posted on September 13, 2022
What are the functions of ATP?
Chemical ReagentsATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesEnergyIntracellular IonsIntracellular Probesion channel


Posted on September 13, 2022
What is ATP made of?
Chemical ReagentsATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesEnergyIntracellular IonsIntracellular Probes


Posted on September 13, 2022
How is ATP used?
Chemical ReagentsATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesEnergyIntracellular IonsIntracellular Probes


Posted on September 13, 2022
How does ATP work?
Chemical ReagentsATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesEnergyIntracellular IonsIntracellular Probes


Posted on September 13, 2022
What are the differences between cyclic AMP and AMP?
Chemical ReagentsATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsIntracellular ProbesSecond Messenger


Posted on September 13, 2022
What are the similarities between cyclic AMP and AMP?
Chemical ReagentsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsIntracellular Probes


Posted on September 13, 2022
How is ATP produced from AMP or ADP?
Chemical ReagentsATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesEnergyEnzymesIntracellular IonsIntracellular Probes


Posted on September 13, 2022
How is energy stored in ATP?
Chemical ReagentsATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesEnergyIntracellular IonsIntracellular Probes


Posted on September 13, 2022
What is produced when ATP is hydrolyzed?
Chemical ReagentsATPCell SignalingCellular ProcessesEnergyIntracellular IonsIntracellular Probes


Posted on April 14, 2022
How is zinc transported?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on April 14, 2022
What is EGCG and what does it have to do with zinc?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on April 14, 2022
Are zinc transporters involved in Alzheimer's disease?
Cellular ProcessesIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on April 13, 2022
What is a zinc ionophore?
Physiological ProbesIntracellular IonsCellular Processes


Posted on April 8, 2022
Is zinc involved in immune response?
Physiological ProbesIntracellular IonsCellular Processes


Posted on April 8, 2022
How many zinc transporter families are there?
Physiological ProbesIntracellular IonsCellular Processes


Posted on February 1, 2022
What are the differences between organ cultures and cell cultures?
Membrane Potential and ChannelsPhysiological ProbesIntracellular IonsBioconjugation


Posted on December 13, 2021
What is the mobile phase in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesGel Electrophoresis


Posted on December 13, 2021
What forces are involved in chromatography?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological ProbesCellular Processes


Posted on December 13, 2021
Which metal ions are used in chromatography?
Physiological ProbesIntracellular IonsCellular Processes


Posted on July 29, 2021
What is ratiometric imaging?
Ratiometric Calcium IndicatorsCalcium IndicatorsPhysiological ProbesIntracellular Ions


Posted on July 29, 2021
Why is Fura-2 unable to cross cell membranes?
Ratiometric Calcium IndicatorsCalcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 29, 2021
What is 2-photon calcium imaging?
Ratiometric Calcium IndicatorsCalcium IndicatorsIntracellular Ions


Posted on July 28, 2021
What does calcium imaging measure?
Calcium IndicatorsCell SignalingIntracellular Ions


Posted on July 26, 2021
What kind of microscope do I need for ratiometric dyes?
Ratiometric Calcium IndicatorsCalcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 23, 2021
What is a calcium ion?
Intracellular IonsCalcium IndicatorsCell Signalling


Posted on July 23, 2021
What is the difference between Fura-2 and Quin-2
Calcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsRatiometric Calcium Indicators


Posted on July 23, 2021
What is the difference between calcium imaging and electrophysiology?
Calcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 22, 2021
What is a calcium flux assay?
Calcium IndicatorsCell SignalingIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on July 21, 2021
How is intracellular calcium measured?
Calcium IndicatorsCell SignalingIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on March 25, 2021
What are non-adherent cells?
Physiological ProbesIntracellular Ions


Posted on January 21, 2021
What role does calcium play in neurotransmitter release?
Physiological ProbesIntracellular IonsCell Signaling


Posted on January 21, 2021
What role does calcium play in exocytosis?
Intracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on January 21, 2021
Are hormones released by exocytosis?
Cellular ProcessIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on January 20, 2021
How does calcium cause exocytosis?
Intracellular IonsCalcium IndicatorsCell Signaling


Posted on December 14, 2020
What do organ, tissue, and cell cultures have in common?
Physiological ProbesIntracellular Ions


Posted on November 30, 2020
How is calcium used as a second messenger?
Calcium IndicatorsIntracellular IonsPhysiological Probes


Posted on November 13, 2020
What are the most common second messengers?
Calcium IndicatorsCell SignalingCellular ProcessesIntracellular Ions


Posted on June 1, 2020
What are the types of ion-exchange resins?
Antibodies and Proteomics BioconjugationIntracellular Ions