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Cell Navigator® Lysosome Staining Kit *Red Fluorescence*

Lysosomes are cellular organelles which contain acid hydrolase enzymes to break up waste materials and cellular debris. Lysosomes digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. The membrane around a lysosome allows the digestive enzymes to work at pH 4.5. The interior of the lysosomes is acidic (pH 4.5-4.8) compared to the slightly alkaline cytosol (pH 7.2). The lysosome maintains this pH differential by pumping protons from the cytosol across the membrane via proton pumps and chloride ion channels. Our Cell Navigator® fluorescence imaging kits are a set of fluorescence imaging tools for labeling sub-cellular organelles such as membranes, lysosomes, mitochondria, nuclei, etc. The selective labeling of live cell compartments provides a powerful method for studying cellular events in a spatial and temporal context. This particular kit is designed to label lysosomes of live cells in orange fluorescence. LysoBrite™ Red, the proprietary lysotropic dye used in the kit, selectively accumulates in lysosomes probably via the lysosome pH gradient. The lysotropic indicator is a hydrophobic compound that easily permeates intact live cells, and trapped in lysosomes after it gets into cells. Its fluorescence is significantly enhanced upon entering lysosomes. This key feature significantly reduces its staining background and makes it useful for a variety of studies, including cell adhesion, chemotaxis, multidrug resistance, cell viability, apoptosis and cytotoxicity. It is suitable for proliferating and non-proliferating cells, and can be used for both suspension and adherent cells. LysoBrite™ dyes significantly outperform the equivalent LysoTracker ™dyes (from Invitrogen). LysoBrite™ dyes can stay in live cells for more than a week with very minimal cell toxicity while the LysoTracker dyes can only be used for a few hours. LysoBrite™ dyes can survive a few generations of cell division. In addition, LysoBrite™ dyes are much more photostable than the LysoTracker dyes.

Example protocol

AT A GLANCE

Protocol summary

  1. Prepare cells
  2. Add LysoBrite™ Red working solution
  3. Incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes
  4. Wash the cells
  5. Analyze the cells under fluorescence microscope at Ex/Em = 575/600 nm (TRITC filter set)

Important notes
Thaw all the kit components at room temperature before starting the experiment.

PREPARATION OF WORKING SOLUTION

Add 20 µL of 500X LysoBrite™ Red (Component A) to 10 mL of Live Cell Staining Buffer (Component B) to make LysoBrite™ Red working solution. Protect from light. Note: 20 µL of 500X LysoBrite™ Red (Component A) is enough for one 96-well plate. The optimal concentration of the fluorescent lysosome indicator varies depending on the specific application. The staining conditions may be modified according to the particular cell type and the permeability of the cells or tissues to the probe.

For guidelines on cell sample preparation, please visit
https://www.aatbio.com/resources/guides/cell-sample-preparation.html

SAMPLE EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL

For adherent cells:

  1. Grow cells either in a 96-well black wall/clear bottom plate (100 µL/well/96-well plate) or on cover-slips inside a petri dish filled with the appropriate culture medium.

  2. When cells reach the desired confluence, add equal volume of LysoBrite™ Red working solution.

  3. Incubate the cells in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator for 30 minutes.

  4. Wash the cells twice with pre-warmed (37°C) Hanks and 20 mM Hepes buffer (HBSS) or buffer of your choice, fill the cell wells with HBSS or growth medium.

  5. Observe the cells using a fluorescence microscope with TRITC filter set (Ex/Em = 575/600 nm). Note: It is recommended to increase either the labeling concentration or the incubation time to allow the dye to accumulate if the cells do not appear to be sufficiently stained.

For suspension cells:

  1. Add equal volume of LysoBrite™ Red working solution into the cells.

  2. Incubate the cells in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator for 30 minutes.

  3. Wash the cells twice with pre-warmed (37°C) Hanks and 20 mM Hepes buffer (HBSS) or buffer of your choice, fill the cell wells with HBSS or growth medium.

  4. Observe the cells using a fluorescence microscope with TRITC filter set (Ex/Em = 575/600 nm). Note: It is recommended to increase either the labeling concentration or the incubation time to allow the dye to accumulate if the cells do not appear to be sufficiently stained. Suspension cells may be attached to cover-slips that have been treated with BD Cell-Tak® (BD Biosciences) and stained as adherent cells.

Spectrum

Citations

View all 22 citations: Citation Explorer
Evaluation of Double Self-Immolative Linker-Based Antibody--Drug Conjugate FDA022-BB05 with Enhanced Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Zhang, Yifan and Wang, Lei and Cao, Xuemei and Song, Ruiwen and Yin, Sicheng and Cheng, Zhiyang and Li, Weinan and Shen, Keyu and Zhao, Teng and Xu, Jun and others,
Journal: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2024)
Biodegradable lipophilic polymeric mRNA nanoparticles for ligand-free targeting of splenic dendritic cells for cancer vaccination
Authors: Ben-Akiva, Elana and Karlsson, Johan and Hemmati, Shayan and Yu, Hongzhe and Tzeng, Stephany Y and Pardoll, Drew M and Green, Jordan J
Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2023): e2301606120
A surface charge dependent enhanced Th1 antigen-specific immune response in lymph nodes by transfersome-based nanovaccine-loaded dissolving microneedle-assisted transdermal immunization
Authors: Wu, Xuanjin and Li, Yang and Chen, Xiguang and Zhou, Zhongzheng and Pang, Jianhui and Luo, Xin and Kong, Ming
Journal: Journal of Materials Chemistry B (2019): 4854--4866
Understanding intracellular trafficking and anti-inflammatory effects of minocycline chitosan-nanoparticles in human gingival fibroblasts for periodontal disease treatment
Authors: Martin, Victor and Ribeiro, Isabel AC and Alves, Marta M and Gon{\c{c}}alves, L{\'\i}dia and Almeida, Ant{\'o}nio J and Grenho, Liliana and Fernandes, Maria H and Santos, Catarina F and Gomes, Pedro S and Bettencourt, Ana F
Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics (2019): 118821
Visualising the dynamics of live pancreatic microtumours self-organised through cell-in-cell invasion
Authors: Miyatake, Yukiko and Kuribayashi-Shigetomi, Kaori and Ohta, Yusuke and Ikeshita, Shunji and Subagyo, Agus and Sueoka, Kazuhisa and Kakugo, Akira and Amano, Maho and Takahashi, Toshiyuki and Okajima, Takaharu and others, undefined
Journal: Scientific reports (2018): 14054

References

View all 20 references: Citation Explorer
Lectin-histochemical and -cytochemical study of periodic acid Schiff-positive lysosome granules as a histological feature of the female mouse kidney
Authors: Yabuki A, Suzuki S, Matsumoto M, Nishinakagawa H.
Journal: Histol Histopathol (2002): 1017
Alz-50/Gallyas-positive lysosome-like intraneuronal granules in Alzheimer's disease and control brains
Authors: Ikeda K, Akiyama H, Arai T, Kondo H, Haga C, Iritani S, Tsuchiya K.
Journal: Neurosci Lett (1998): 113
The effect of chemical agents on lysosome fusion with phagosomes and on the F-actin content in murine peritoneal macrophages
Authors: Mozhenok TP, Rpozanov Iu M, Solov'eva LV, Braun AD, Bulychev AG.
Journal: Tsitologiia (1992): 84
Autometallography used as a histochemical indicator of lysosome function in cultured cells
Authors: Rungby J, Danscher G, Christensen M, Ellermann-Eriksen S, Mogensen SC.
Journal: Histochemistry (1990): 109
Identification and purification of NK cells with lysosomotropic vital stains: correlation of lysosome content with NK activity
Authors: Shau H, Dawson JR.
Journal: J Immunol (1985): 137
Page updated on December 6, 2024

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Catalog Number22658
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Spectral properties

Excitation (nm)

576

Emission (nm)

596

Storage, safety and handling

H-phraseH303, H313, H333
Hazard symbolXN
Intended useResearch Use Only (RUO)
R-phraseR20, R21, R22
UNSPSC12352200

Platform

Fluorescence microscope

ExcitationTRITC filter
EmissionTRITC filter
Recommended plateBlack wall, clear bottom

Components