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AAT Bioquest

iFluor® 514 succinimidyl ester

AAT Bioquest's iFluor® dyes are optimized for labeling proteins, particularly antibodies. These dyes are bright, photostable, and have minimal quenching on proteins. They can be well excited by the major laser lines of fluorescence instruments (e.g., 350, 405, 488, 555, and 633 nm). iFluor® 514 dyes have fluorescence excitation and emission maxima of ~510 nm and ~527 nm respectively. These spectral characteristics make them an excellent alternative to Alexa Fluor® 514 labeling dye (Alexa Fluor® is the trademark of Invitrogen). iFluor® 514 SE is reasonably stable and shows good reactivity and selectivity with protein amino groups.

Example protocol

PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTIONS

Unless otherwise noted, all unused stock solutions should be divided into single-use aliquots and stored at -20 °C after preparation. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles

Protein stock solution (Solution A)

Mix 100 µL of a reaction buffer (e.g., 1 M  sodium carbonate solution or 1 M phosphate buffer with pH ~9.0) with 900 µL of the target protein solution (e.g., antibody, protein concentration >2 mg/mL if possible) to give 1 mL protein labeling stock solution.

Note: The pH of the protein solution (Solution A) should be 8.5 ± 0.5. If the pH of the protein solution is lower than 8.0, adjust the pH to the range of 8.0-9.0 using 1 M  sodium bicarbonate solution or 1 M pH 9.0 phosphate buffer.

Note: The protein should be dissolved in 1X phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.2-7.4. If the protein is dissolved in Tris or glycine buffer, it must be dialyzed against 1X PBS, pH 7.2-7.4, to remove free amines or ammonium salts (such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium acetate) that are widely used for protein precipitation.

Note: Impure antibodies or antibodies stabilized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or gelatin will not be labeled well. The presence of sodium azide or thimerosal might also interfere with the conjugation reaction. Sodium azide or thimerosal can be removed by dialysis or spin column for optimal labeling results.

Note: The conjugation efficiency is significantly reduced if the protein concentration is less than 2 mg/mL. For optimal labeling efficiency, the final protein concentration range of 2-10 mg/mL is recommended.

iFluor® 514 SE stock solution (Solution B)

Add anhydrous DMSO into the vial of iFluor® 514 SE to make a 10 mM stock solution. Mix well by pipetting or vortex.

Note: Prepare the dye stock solution (Solution B) before starting the conjugation. Use promptly. Extended storage of the dye stock solution may reduce the dye activity. Solution B can be stored in the freezer for two weeks when kept from light and moisture. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

SAMPLE EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL

This labeling protocol was developed for the conjugate of Goat anti-mouse IgG with iFluor® 514 SE. You might need further optimization for your particular proteins.

Note: Each protein requires a distinct dye/protein ratio, which also depends on the properties of dyes. Over-labeling of a protein could detrimentally affect its binding affinity, while the protein conjugates of low dye/protein ratio give reduced sensitivity.

Run conjugation reaction
  1. Use a 10:1 molar ratio of Solution B (dye)/Solution A (protein) as the starting point. Add 5 µL of the dye stock solution (Solution B, assuming the dye stock solution is 10 mM) into the vial of the protein solution (95 µL of Solution A) with effective shaking. The concentration of the protein is ~0.05 mM assuming the protein concentration is 10 mg/mL, and the molecular weight of the protein is ~200KD.

    Note: We recommend using a 10:1 molar ratio of Solution B (dye)/Solution A (protein). If it is too less or too high, determine the optimal dye/protein ratio at 5:1, 15:1, and 20:1, respectively.

  2. Continue to rotate or shake the reaction mixture at room temperature for 30-60 minutes.
Purify the conjugation

The following protocol is an example of dye-protein conjugate purification by using a Sephadex G-25 column.

  1. Prepare Sephadex G-25 column according to the manufacture instruction.
  2. Load the reaction mixture (From "Run conjugation reaction") to the top of the Sephadex G-25 column.
  3. Add PBS (pH 7.2-7.4) as soon as the sample runs just below the top resin surface.
  4. Add more PBS (pH 7.2-7.4) to the desired sample to complete the column purification. Combine the fractions that contain the desired dye-protein conjugate.

    Note: For immediate use, the dye-protein conjugate needs to be diluted with staining buffer and aliquoted for multiple uses.

    Note: For longer-term storage, the dye-protein conjugate solution needs to be concentrated or freeze-dried.

Calculators

Common stock solution preparation

Table 1. Volume of DMSO needed to reconstitute specific mass of iFluor® 514 succinimidyl ester to given concentration. Note that volume is only for preparing stock solution. Refer to sample experimental protocol for appropriate experimental/physiological buffers.

0.1 mg0.5 mg1 mg5 mg10 mg
1 mM98.624 µL493.121 µL986.242 µL4.931 mL9.862 mL
5 mM19.725 µL98.624 µL197.248 µL986.242 µL1.972 mL
10 mM9.862 µL49.312 µL98.624 µL493.121 µL986.242 µL

Molarity calculator

Enter any two values (mass, volume, concentration) to calculate the third.

Mass (Calculate)Molecular weightVolume (Calculate)Concentration (Calculate)Moles
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Spectrum

Product family

NameExcitation (nm)Emission (nm)Extinction coefficient (cm -1 M -1)Quantum yieldCorrection Factor (260 nm)Correction Factor (280 nm)
iFluor® 350 succinimidyl ester3454502000010.9510.830.23
iFluor® 405 succinimidyl ester4034273700010.9110.480.77
iFluor® 488 succinimidyl ester4915167500010.910.210.11
iFluor® 532 succinimidyl ester5375609000010.6810.260.16
iFluor® 555 succinimidyl ester55757010000010.6410.230.14
iFluor® 594 succinimidyl ester58760320000010.5310.050.04
iFluor® 633 succinimidyl ester64065425000010.2910.0620.044
iFluor® 647 succinimidyl ester65667025000010.2510.030.03
iFluor® 660 succinimidyl ester66367825000010.2610.070.08
iFluor® 680 succinimidyl ester68470122000010.2310.0970.094
iFluor® 700 succinimidyl ester69071322000010.2310.090.04
iFluor® 750 succinimidyl ester75777927500010.1210.0440.039
iFluor® 610 succinimidyl ester61062811000010.8510.320.49
iFluor® 710 succinimidyl ester71673915000010.6010.120.07
iFluor® 790 succinimidyl ester78781225000010.1310.10.09
iFluor® 800 succinimidyl ester80182025000010.1110.030.08
iFluor® 810 succinimidyl ester81182225000010.0510.090.15
iFluor® 820 succinimidyl ester82285025000010.110.16
iFluor® 860 succinimidyl ester85387825000010.10.14
iFluor® 546 succinimidyl ester54155710000010.6710.250.15
iFluor® 568 succinimidyl ester56858710000010.5710.340.15
iFluor® 430 succinimidyl ester4334984000010.7810.680.3
iFluor® 450 succinimidyl ester4515024000010.8210.450.27
iFluor® 840 succinimidyl ester8368792000001-0.20.09
iFluor® 560 succinimidyl ester56057112000010.5710.04820.069
iFluor® 670 succinimidyl ester67168220000010.5510.030.033
iFluor® 460 succinimidyl ester468493800001~0.810.980.46
iFluor® 440 succinimidyl ester4344804000010.6710.3520.229
iFluor® 665 succinimidyl ester667692110,00010.2210.120.09
iFluor® 690 succinimidyl ester68570422000010.3010.090.06
iFluor® 720 succinimidyl ester71674024000010.1410.150.13
iFluor® 740 succinimidyl ester74076422500010.2010.160.16
iFluor® 597 succinimidyl ester59861810000010.710.3350.514
iFluor® 770 succinimidyl ester77779725000010.160.090.08
iFluor® 780 succinimidyl ester78480825000010.1610.130.12
iFluor® 570 succinimidyl ester55757012000010.581--
iFluor® 830 succinimidyl ester830867----
iFluor® 675 succinimidyl ester683700---0.066
iFluor® 620 succinimidyl ester621636---0.04
iFluor® 605 succinimidyl ester603623----
iFluor® 625 succinimidyl ester624640----
iFluor® 510 succinimidyl ester511530----
iFluor® 540 succinimidyl ester540557---0.105
iFluor® 445 succinimidyl ester446558----
iFluor® 500 succinimidyl ester501520----
Show More (36)

Citations

View all 3 citations: Citation Explorer
Deep Sequencing Analysis of the Eha-Regulated Transcriptome of Edwardsiella tarda Following Acidification
Authors: Gao, D and Liu, N and Li, Y and Zhang, Y and Liu, G and others, undefined
Journal: Metabolomics (Los Angel) (2017): 2153--0769
Suramin inhibits cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases
Authors: Wu, Kenneth and Chong, Robert A and Yu, Qing and Bai, Jin and Spratt, Donald E and Ching, Kevin and Lee, Chan and Miao, Haibin and Tappin, Inger and Hurwitz, Jerard and others, undefined
Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2016): E2011--E2018
Glycosaminoglycan mimicry by COAM reduces melanoma growth through chemokine induction and function
Authors: Piccard, Helene and Berghmans, Nele and Korpos, Eva and Dillen, Chris and Aelst, Ilse Van and Li, S and ra , undefined and Martens, Erik and Liekens, S and ra , undefined and Noppen, Sam and Damme, Jo Van and others, undefined
Journal: International Journal of Cancer (2012): E425--E436

References

View all 49 references: Citation Explorer
Sequential ordering among multicolor fluorophores for protein labeling facility via aggregation-elimination based beta-lactam probes
Authors: Sadhu KK, Mizukami S, Watanabe S, Kikuchi K.
Journal: Mol Biosyst (2011): 1766
Visualizing dengue virus through Alexa Fluor labeling
Authors: Zhang S, Tan HC, Ooi EE.
Journal: J Vis Exp. (2011)
Fluorescent "Turn-on" system utilizing a quencher-conjugated peptide for specific protein labeling of living cells
Authors: Arai S, Yoon SI, Murata A, Takabayashi M, Wu X, Lu Y, Takeoka S, Ozaki M.
Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2011): 211
Neuroanatomical basis of clinical joint application of "Jinggu" (BL 64, a source-acupoint) and "Dazhong" (KI 4, a Luo-acupoint) in the rat: a double-labeling study of cholera toxin subunit B conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488 and 594
Authors: Cui JJ, Zhu XL, Ji CF, Jing XH, Bai WZ.
Journal: Zhen Ci Yan Jiu (2011): 262
Simultaneous detection of virulence factors from a colony in diarrheagenic Escherichia coli by a multiplex PCR assay with Alexa Fluor-labeled primers
Authors: Kuwayama M, Shigemoto N, Oohara S, Tanizawa Y, Yamada H, Takeda Y, Matsuo T, Fukuda S.
Journal: J Microbiol Methods (2011): 119
Page updated on November 9, 2024

Ordering information

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Unit size
1 mg
100 ug
5 mg
10 mg
Catalog Number
1024710247150471554
Quantity
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Additional ordering information

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Physical properties

Molecular weight

1013.95

Solvent

DMSO

Spectral properties

Absorbance (nm)

511

Correction Factor (260 nm)

0.265

Correction Factor (280 nm)

0.116

Extinction coefficient (cm -1 M -1)

750001

Excitation (nm)

511

Emission (nm)

527

Quantum yield

0.831

Storage, safety and handling

H-phraseH303, H313, H333
Hazard symbolXN
Intended useResearch Use Only (RUO)
R-phraseR20, R21, R22

Storage

Freeze (< -15 °C); Minimize light exposure
UNSPSC12171501
HeLa cells were incubated with mouse anti-tubulin followed by iFluor® 514 goat anti-mouse IgG conjugate (green). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue).
HeLa cells were incubated with mouse anti-tubulin followed by iFluor® 514 goat anti-mouse IgG conjugate (green). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue).
HeLa cells were incubated with mouse anti-tubulin followed by iFluor® 514 goat anti-mouse IgG conjugate (green). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue).
Spectral signature of iFluor® 514 dye. Data acquired on a 4-laser Cytek Aurora and normal human peripheral blood cells stained with clone SK3 (CD4) conjugated to iFluor® 514 dye (Cat. No. 10042060) were used for analysis.

Alternative formats