iFluor® 660 Styramide
Power Styramide™ Signal Amplification (PSA™) system is one of the most sensitive methods that can detect extremely low-abundance targets in cells and tissues with improved fluorescence signal 10-50 times higher than the widely used tyramide (TSA) reagents. iFluor® dye-labeled Styramide™ conjugates can generate fluorescence signal with significantly higher precision and sensitivity (more than 100 times) than standard ICC/IF/IHC. PSA utilizes the catalytic activity of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for covalent deposition of fluorophores in situ. PSA radicals have much higher reactivity than tyramide radicals, making the PSA system much faster, more robust and sensitive than the traditional TSA reagents. iFluor® 660 Styramide is a new unique far red fluorescent PSA reagent for multicolor application with our existing PSA and TSA reagents. Its maximum fluorescence falls between Cy5/Alexa Fluor® 647 and Cy5.5/ Alexa Fluor® 647. AAT Bioquest offers the largest collection of TSA regents. We are the exclusive source of the superior PSA reagents for multicolor applications.
Example protocol
AT A GLANCE
Protocol Summary
- Fix/permeabilize/block cells or tissue
- Add primary antibody in blocking buffer
- Add HRP-conjugated secondary antibody
- Prepare Styramide™ working solution and apply in cells or tissue for 5-10 minutes at room temperature
PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTIONS
Unless otherwise noted, all unused stock solutions should be divided into single-use aliquots and stored at -20 °C after preparation. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Note Make single use aliquots, and store unused 100X stock solution at 2-8 oC in dark place.
Note Prepare the 100X H2O2 solution fresh on the day of use.
1. iFluor™ 660 Styramide stock solution (100X)
Add 100 µL of DMSO into the vial of iFluor™ 660 Styramide conjugate to make 100X Styramide stock solution.Note Make single use aliquots, and store unused 100X stock solution at 2-8 oC in dark place.
2. H2O2 stock solution
Add 10 µL of 3% hydrogen peroxide (Not provided) to 90 µL of ddH2O.Note Prepare the 100X H2O2 solution fresh on the day of use.
PREPARATION OF WORKING SOLUTION
1. iFluor™ 660 Styramide working solution (1X)
Every 1 mL of Reaction Buffer requires 10 µL of Styramide stock solution and 10 µL of H2O2 stock solution.Note The Styramide provided is enough for 100 tests based on 100 µL of Styramide working solution needed per coverslip or per well in a 96-well microplate.
Note The Styramide working solution must be used within 2 hours after preparation and avoid direct exposure to light.
2. Secondary antibody-HRP working solution
Make appropriate concentration of secondary antibody-HRP working solution as per the manufacturer's recommendations.SAMPLE EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL
This protocol is applicable for both cells and tissues staining.
Protocol can be found at
https://www.aatbio.com/resources/guides/paraffin-embedded-tissue-immunohistochemistry-protocol.html
Cell fixation and permeabilization
- Fix the cells or tissue with 3.7% formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde, in PBS at room temperature for 20 minutes.
- Rinse the cells or tissue with PBS twice.
- Permeabilize the cells with 0.1% Triton X-100 solution for 1-5 minutes at room temperature.
- Rinse the cells or tissue with PBS twice.
Tissue fixation, deparaffinization and rehydration
Deparaffinize and dehydrate the tissue according to the standard IHC protocols. Perform antigen retrieval with preferred specific solution/protocol as needed.Protocol can be found at
https://www.aatbio.com/resources/guides/paraffin-embedded-tissue-immunohistochemistry-protocol.html
Peroxidase labeling
- Optional: Quench endogenous peroxidase activity by incubating cell or tissue sample in peroxidase quenching solution (such as 3% hydrogen peroxide) for 10 minutes. Rinse with PBS twice at room temperature.
- Optional: If using HRP-conjugated streptavidin, it is advisable to block endogenous biotins by biotin blocking buffer.
- Block with preferred blocking solution (such as PBS with 1% BSA) for 30 minutes at 4 °C.
- Remove blocking solution and add primary antibody diluted in recommended antibody diluent for 60 minutes at room temperature or overnight at 4 °C.
- Wash with PBS three times for 5 minutes each.
- Apply 100 µL of secondary antibody-HRP working solution to each sample and incubate for 60 minutes at room temperature.
Note Incubation time and concentration can be varied depending on the signal intensity. - Wash with PBS three times for 5 minutes each.
Styramide labeling
- Prepare and apply 100 µL of Styramide working solution to each sample and incubate for 5-10 minutes at room temperature.
Note If you observe non-specific signal, you can shorten the incubation time with Styramide. You should optimize the incubation period using positive and negative control samples at various incubation time points. Or you can use lower concentration of Styramide in the working solution. - Rinse with PBS three times.
Counterstain and fluorescence imaging
- Counterstain the cell or tissue samples as needed. AAT provides a series of nucleus counterstain reagents as listed in Table 1. Follow the instruction provided with the reagents.
- Mount the coverslip using a mounting medium with anti-fading properties.
- Use the appropriate filter set to visualize the signal from the Styramide labeling.
Cat# | Product Name | Ex/Em (nm) |
17548 | Nuclear Blue™ DCS1 | 350/461 |
17550 | Nuclear Green™ DCS1 | 503/526 |
17551 | Nuclear Orange™ DCS1 | 528/576 |
17552 | Nuclear Red™ DCS1 | 642/660 |
Spectrum
Open in Advanced Spectrum Viewer
Product family
References
View all 4 references: Citation Explorer
Quantum dot-based FRET for sensitive determination of hydrogen peroxide and glucose using tyramide reaction.
Authors: Huang, Xiangyi and Wang, Jinjie and Liu, Heng and Lan, Tao and Ren, Jicun
Journal: Talanta (2013): 79-84
Authors: Huang, Xiangyi and Wang, Jinjie and Liu, Heng and Lan, Tao and Ren, Jicun
Journal: Talanta (2013): 79-84
Dual enhancement of triple immunofluorescence using two antibodies from the same species.
Authors: Nakamura, Ayako and Uchihara, Toshiki
Journal: Journal of neuroscience methods (2004): 67-70
Authors: Nakamura, Ayako and Uchihara, Toshiki
Journal: Journal of neuroscience methods (2004): 67-70
Rapid detection and enumeration of Naegleria fowleri in surface waters by solid-phase cytometry.
Authors: Pougnard, Claire and Catala, Philippe and Drocourt, Jean-Louis and Legastelois, Stephane and Pernin, Pierre and Pringuez, Emmanuelle and Lebaron, Philippe
Journal: Applied and environmental microbiology (2002): 3102-7
Authors: Pougnard, Claire and Catala, Philippe and Drocourt, Jean-Louis and Legastelois, Stephane and Pernin, Pierre and Pringuez, Emmanuelle and Lebaron, Philippe
Journal: Applied and environmental microbiology (2002): 3102-7
Oligonucleotides as hybridization probes to localize phytoplasmas in host plants and insect vectors.
Authors: Webb, D R and Bonfiglioli, R G and Carraro, L and Osler, R and Symons, R H
Journal: Phytopathology (1999): 894-901
Authors: Webb, D R and Bonfiglioli, R G and Carraro, L and Osler, R and Symons, R H
Journal: Phytopathology (1999): 894-901
Page updated on October 8, 2024