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Maleimide Activated hBSA *Optimized for Maximum Immunization Response*

Maleimide Activated hBSA enables the conjugation of sulfhydryl-containing peptide antigens to the immunogenic bovine serum albumin (BSA) carrier protein, enhancing immunization and antibody production. Modified with Sulfo-SMCC, hBSA becomes sulfhydryl-reactive, enabling the formation of covalent crosslinks with sulfhydryl (-SH) groups on cysteine residues of peptides and other thiol-containing haptens. This modification allows for the attachment of multiple antigen molecules per hBSA molecule, thereby increasing immunogenicity and enhancing the likelihood of eliciting high-titer antisera specific to target epitopes in immunized subjects. Hexamethylenediamine-modified BSA (hBSA) is produced by reacting native BSA with hexamethylenediamines, which effectively replace the majority of carboxyl groups with positively charged primary amines, yielding a highly cationized hBSA. This cationization significantly enhances the immunogenic characteristics of hBSA and increases the availability of conjugation sites for haptens, compared to native BSA. Furthermore, the increased density of primary amines facilitates a broader range of conjugation opportunities using conventional bioconjugation techniques. The alteration in the BSA structure also increases the spatial distance between the carrier protein and the hapten, which may enhance antigen presentation and subsequent immune recognition.

References

View all 50 references: Citation Explorer
Trastuzumab-MMAU Antibody-Auristatin Conjugates: Valine-Glucoserine Linker with Stabilized Maleimide Conjugation Improves In Vivo Efficacy and Tolerability.
Authors: Goldberg, Shalom D and Satomaa, Tero and Aina, Olulanu and Aitio, Olli and Burke, Krista and Dudkin, Vadim and Geist, Brian and Irrechukwu, Onyi and Hänninen, Anna-Liisa and Heiskanen, Annamari and Helin, Jari and Hiltunen, Jukka O and Kinyamu-Akunda, Jacqueline and Klein, Donna M and Kohli, Neeraj and Kotiranta, Titta and Lähteenmäki, Tuula and Niemelä, Ritva and Pitkänen, Virve and Pynnönen, Henna and Rittase, William and Wiley, Kristen and Zhou, Junguo and Saarinen, Juhani
Journal: Molecular cancer therapeutics (2024)
In Situ Bioconjugation of a Maleimide-Functionalized Ruthenium-Based Photosensitizer to Albumin for Photodynamic Therapy.
Authors: Vinck, Robin and Dömötör, Orsolya and Karges, Johannes and Jakubaszek, Marta and Seguin, Johanne and Tharaud, Mickaël and Guérineau, Vincent and Cariou, Kevin and Mignet, Nathalie and Enyedy, Éva A and Gasser, Gilles
Journal: Inorganic chemistry (2023): 15510-15526
Preparation of Maleimide-Modified Oligonucleotides from the Corresponding Amines Using N-Methoxycarbonylmaleimide.
Authors: Kjærsgaard, Nanna L and Hansen, Rikke A and Gothelf, Kurt V
Journal: Bioconjugate chemistry (2022): 1254-1260
Boron neutron capture therapy using dodecaborated albumin conjugates with maleimide is effective in a rat glioma model.
Authors: Kashiwagi, Hideki and Kawabata, Shinji and Yoshimura, Kohei and Fukuo, Yusuke and Kanemitsu, Takuya and Takeuchi, Koji and Hiramatsu, Ryo and Nishimura, Kai and Kawai, Kazuki and Takata, Takushi and Tanaka, Hiroki and Watanabe, Tsubasa and Suzuki, Minoru and Miyatake, Shin-Ichi and Nakamura, Hiroyuki and Wanibuchi, Masahiko
Journal: Investigational new drugs (2022): 255-264
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) Mediated by Maleimide-Functionalized Closo-Dodecaborate Albumin Conjugates (MID:BSA) for Oral Cancer: Biodistribution Studies and In Vivo BNCT in the Hamster Cheek Pouch Oral Cancer Model.
Authors: Monti Hughes, Andrea and Goldfinger, Jessica A and Palmieri, Mónica A and Ramos, Paula and Santa Cruz, Iara S and De Leo, Luciana and Garabalino, Marcela A and Thorp, Silvia I and Curotto, Paula and Pozzi, Emiliano C C and Kawai, Kazuki and Sato, Shinichi and Itoiz, María E and Trivillin, Verónica A and Guidobono, Juan S and Nakamura, Hiroyuki and Schwint, Amanda E
Journal: Life (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Page updated on August 1, 2025

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Catalog Number5609
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Physical properties

Solvent

Water

Storage, safety and handling

H-phraseH303, H313, H333
Hazard symbolXN
Intended useResearch Use Only (RUO)
R-phraseR20, R21, R22

Storage

Freeze (< -15 °C)
UNSPSC12171501