Trypan Red Plus™ *0.1 M aqueous solution*

Trypan Red Plus™ is similar to Trypan Blue in cell permeability. It is not permeable to live cells. Compared to Trypan Blue, Trypan Red Plus™ is less toxic to cells, in particular, having minimal effect on cell surface receptors such as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Another advantage is that the cells can be clearly observed under microscope when Trypan Red Plus is used while Trypan Blue makes it quite difficult to see cells under microscope. Our Trypan Red Plus™ can also be used to prevent florescent dyes (such as FDA, rhodamine 123, JC-1, TMRE, TMRM, Indo-1 AM, Fura-2 AM, calcein AM, Fluo-3 AM, Fluo-4 AM, Quest Fluo-8™ AM and Rhod-4™ AM) from leaking out of cells. It might inhibit the activities of drug-efflux pumps since it contains a probenecid-like moiety as shown below. Compared to probenecid, it is neutral, highly soluble in water, and convenient to use. Its cellular mechanism is still under investigation. Our Trypan Red Plus™ is highly purified, and can be used up to 1 mM with minimal cell cytotoxicity. Our recommended concentration is 0.75 mM.