A 3D spheroid is a type of three-dimensional cell modeling that simulates a live cell’s environmental conditions much more efficiently and realistically, specifically with regards to cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions.

3D spheroids mimic the characteristics of cell aggregates such as microtumors because, like tumors, they too contain both proliferating and non-proliferating cells as well as surface-exposed and deeply buried cells. Like tumors, 3D spheroids also contain a hypoxic center with a well-oxygenated outer layer of cells. Because of these similarities, multicellular tumor spheroid models provide deeper insights into the tumor microenvironment, enabling researchers to visualize how cells interact with one another and with the matrix, how tumor cells absorb nutrients, and how they proliferate.

3D spheroids are widely used in screening environments to better understand tumor cell formation, identify potential cancer therapeutics, and assess drug safety in the treatment of cancers.