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What is the difference between M1 and M2 macrophages and how can you differentiate them?
Posted April 24, 2020
Antibodies and ProteomicsCD80Cell Cycle AnalysisCell Cycle and ProliferationCellular ProcessesCluster of Differentiation (CD Antibodies)Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Answer
M1 macrophages are seen to be involved in pro-inflammatory and immune responses. CD80, CD86, iNOS, and MHC-II are all markers that can be used to identify M1 macrophages.
Meanwhile, M2 macrophages are involved with cell proliferation and tissue repair, and can be identified by cell surface markers CD206, CD209, and CD163.
Additional resources
Yao, Y., Xu, X. H., & Jin, L. (2019). Macrophage Polarization in Physiological and Pathological Pregnancy. Frontiers in immunology, 10, 792. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00792Orecchioni, M., Ghosheh, Y., Pramod, A.B., Ley, K. (2019). Macrophage Polarization: Different Gene Signatures in M1(LPS+) vs. Classically and M2(LPS–) vs. Alternatively Activated Macrophages. Frontiers in immunology, 10, 1084. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01084