What are the characteristics of smooth muscle cells?

Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped with a thicker center and tapering toward both ends. These cells get their name from their smooth appearance, which is due to the absence of cross-striations.

These cells are uninucleate. Each smooth muscle cell contains a single nucleus located at the center of the cell. The nucleus regulates all intracellular and extracellular activities.

Smooth muscle cells have great elasticity and are capable of contracting and relaxing easily. The elastic property of smooth muscle cells allows them to return to their original length after stretching. This characteristic is critical for the proper functioning of organ systems such as the stomach and urinary bladder.

They are involuntary muscle cells regulated by the Autonomic Nervous System.