Ion channels mainly function to transport ions and as a result, regulate the cell membrane potential. They play a vital role in processes such as nerve conduction, neural communication, and muscle contraction. For example, neurons, touch receptor cells, and muscle cells among others, utilize ion channel receptors to convert chemical or mechanical signals into electrical signals. Ion channels are also involved in regulating the contraction of muscle cells. The flow of ions (particularly calcium ions) through channels is a crucial step in the process of muscle contraction. Ion channels also play a vital role in facilitating the release of hormones and activation of T-cells, as well as exhibiting responses to venoms and toxins.