Rhod-FF, AM
Ordering information
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Additional ordering information
Telephone | 1-800-990-8053 |
Fax | 1-800-609-2943 |
sales@aatbio.com | |
International | See distributors |
Bulk request | Inquire |
Custom size | Inquire |
Shipping | Standard overnight for United States, inquire for international |
Physical properties
Dissociation constant (Kd, nM) | 19000 |
Molecular weight | 1145.90 |
Solvent | DMSO |
Spectral properties
Excitation (nm) | 553 |
Emission (nm) | 577 |
Storage, safety and handling
H-phrase | H303, H313, H333 |
Hazard symbol | XN |
Intended use | Research Use Only (RUO) |
R-phrase | R20, R21, R22 |
Storage | Freeze (< -15 °C); Minimize light exposure |
UNSPSC | 12352200 |
Overview | ![]() ![]() |
Molecular weight 1145.90 | Dissociation constant (Kd, nM) 19000 | Excitation (nm) 553 | Emission (nm) 577 |
Calcium measurement is critical for numerous biological investigations. Fluorescent probes that show spectral responses upon binding Ca2+ have enabled researchers to investigate changes in intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations by using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microplate readers. Rhod-FF AM is cell-permeable, and generates Rhod-FF upon esterase hydrolysis in cells. Rhod-FF has a lower binding affinity for Ca2+ and is suitable for Ca2+ measurements from 10 to 200 uM. Like the parent Rhod-2 indicator, Rhod-FF is essentially nonfluorescent in the absence of divalent cations and exhibits strong fluorescence enhancement with no spectral shift upon binding Ca2+.
Platform
Fluorescence microscope
Excitation | TRITC filter set |
Emission | TRITC filter set |
Recommended plate | Black wall/clear bottom |
Fluorescence microplate reader
Excitation | 540 |
Emission | 590 |
Cutoff | 570 |
Recommended plate | Black wall/clear bottom |
Instrument specification(s) | Bottom read mode/Programmable liquid handling |
Example protocol
PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTIONS
Unless otherwise noted, all unused stock solutions should be divided into single-use aliquots and stored at -20 °C after preparation. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Rhod-FF AM Stock Solution
Prepare a 2 to 5 mM stock solution of Rhod-FF AM in high-quality, anhydrous DMSO.PREPARATION OF WORKING SOLUTION
Rhod-FF AM Working Solution
On the day of the experiment, either dissolve Rhod-FF AM in DMSO or thaw an aliquot of the indicator stock solution to room temperature. Prepare a dye working solution of 2 to 20 µM in a buffer of your choice (e.g., Hanks and Hepes buffer) with 0.04% Pluronic® F-127. For most cell lines, Rhod-FF AM at a final concentration of 4-5 μM is recommended. The exact concentration of indicators required for cell loading must be determined empirically.Note The nonionic detergent Pluronic® F-127 is sometimes used to increase the aqueous solubility of Rhod-FF AM. A variety of Pluronic® F-127 solutions can be purchased from AAT Bioquest.
Note If your cells contain organic anion-transporters, probenecid (1-2 mM) may be added to the dye working solution (final in well concentration will be 0.5-1 mM) to reduce leakage of the de-esterified indicators. A variety of ReadiUse™ probenecid products, including water-soluble, sodium salt, and stabilized solution, can be purchased from AAT Bioquest.
SAMPLE EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL
Following is our recommended protocol for loading AM esters into live cells. This protocol only provides a guideline and should be modified according to your specific needs.
- Prepare cells in growth medium overnight.
- On the next day, add 1X Rhod-FF AM working solution into your cell plate.
Note If your compound(s) interfere with the serum, replace the growth medium with fresh HHBS buffer before dye-loading. - Incubate the dye-loaded plate in a cell incubator at 37 °C for 30 to 60 minutes.
Note Incubating the dye for longer than 1 hour can improve signal intensities in certain cell lines. - Replace the dye working solution with HHBS or buffer of your choice (containing an anion transporter inhibitor, such as 1 mM probenecid, if applicable) to remove any excess probes.
- Add the stimulant as desired and simultaneously measure fluorescence using either a fluorescence microscope equipped with a TRITC filter set or a fluorescence plate reader containing a programmable liquid handling system such as an FDSS, FLIPR, or FlexStation, at Ex/Em = 540/590 nm cutoff 570 nm.
Calculators
Common stock solution preparation
Table 1. Volume of DMSO needed to reconstitute specific mass of Rhod-FF, AM to given concentration. Note that volume is only for preparing stock solution. Refer to sample experimental protocol for appropriate experimental/physiological buffers.
0.1 mg | 0.5 mg | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 87.268 µL | 436.338 µL | 872.676 µL | 4.363 mL | 8.727 mL |
5 mM | 17.454 µL | 87.268 µL | 174.535 µL | 872.676 µL | 1.745 mL |
10 mM | 8.727 µL | 43.634 µL | 87.268 µL | 436.338 µL | 872.676 µL |
Molarity calculator
Enter any two values (mass, volume, concentration) to calculate the third.
Mass (Calculate) | Molecular weight | Volume (Calculate) | Concentration (Calculate) | Moles | ||||
/ | = | x | = |
Product Family
Name | Excitation (nm) | Emission (nm) | Quantum yield |
Fura-FF, AM [Fura-2FF, AM] *CAS 348079-12-9* | 336 | 505 | - |
Rhod-2, AM *CAS#: 145037-81-6* | 553 | 577 | 0.11 |
Rhod-2, AM *UltraPure Grade* *CAS#: 145037-81-6* | 553 | 577 | 0.11 |
Rhod-5N, AM | 557 | 580 | - |
Rhod-4™, AM | 523 | 551 | 0.11 |
Citations
View all 2 citations: Citation Explorer
Activation of mitochondrial transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel contributes to microglial migration
Authors: Miyake, Takahito and Shirakawa, Hisashi and Nakagawa, Takayuki and Kaneko, Shuji
Journal: Glia (2015): 1870--1882
Authors: Miyake, Takahito and Shirakawa, Hisashi and Nakagawa, Takayuki and Kaneko, Shuji
Journal: Glia (2015): 1870--1882
ER stress in human hepatic cells treated with Efavirenz: mitochondria again
Authors: Apostolova, Nadezda and Gomez-Sucerquia, Leysa J and Alegre, Fern and o , undefined and Funes, Haryes A and Victor, Victor M and Barrachina, Maria D and Blas-Garcia, Ana and Esplugues, Juan V
Journal: Journal of hepatology (2013): 780--789
Authors: Apostolova, Nadezda and Gomez-Sucerquia, Leysa J and Alegre, Fern and o , undefined and Funes, Haryes A and Victor, Victor M and Barrachina, Maria D and Blas-Garcia, Ana and Esplugues, Juan V
Journal: Journal of hepatology (2013): 780--789
References
View all 2 references: Citation Explorer
Ionic calcium determination in skim milk with molecular probes and front-face fluorescence spectroscopy: simple linear regression
Authors: Gangidi RR, Metzger LE.
Journal: J Dairy Sci (2006): 4105
Authors: Gangidi RR, Metzger LE.
Journal: J Dairy Sci (2006): 4105
Measurement of limestone biodeterioration using the Ca2+ binding fluorochrome Rhod-5N
Authors: McNamara CJ, Perry TDt, Bearce K, Hern and ez-Duque G, Mitchell R.
Journal: J Microbiol Methods (2005): 245
Authors: McNamara CJ, Perry TDt, Bearce K, Hern and ez-Duque G, Mitchell R.
Journal: J Microbiol Methods (2005): 245
Application notes
A Comparison of Fluorescent Red Calcium Indicators for Detecting Intracellular Calcium Mobilization in CHO Cells
A Meta-Analysis of Common Calcium Indicators
A New Red Fluorescent & Robust Screen Quest™ Rhod-4™ Ca2+Indicator for Screening GPCR & Ca2+ Channel Targets
A New Robust No-Wash FLIPR Calcium Assay Kit for Screening GPCR and Calcium Channel Targets
A Novel NO Wash Probeniceid-Free Calcium Assay for Functional Analysis of GPCR and Calcium Channel Targets
A Meta-Analysis of Common Calcium Indicators
A New Red Fluorescent & Robust Screen Quest™ Rhod-4™ Ca2+Indicator for Screening GPCR & Ca2+ Channel Targets
A New Robust No-Wash FLIPR Calcium Assay Kit for Screening GPCR and Calcium Channel Targets
A Novel NO Wash Probeniceid-Free Calcium Assay for Functional Analysis of GPCR and Calcium Channel Targets
FAQ
Are there any calcium indicators that don't require probenecid (PBC)?
Are there upgraded trypan blue derivatives for cell viability testing?
Can I intracellularly measure mitochondria calcium flux and changes in mitochondria membrane potential at the same time?
Do you offer any products for measuring intracellular calcium concentration or movement by flow cytometry?
Does EDTA inactivate proteinase K?
Are there upgraded trypan blue derivatives for cell viability testing?
Can I intracellularly measure mitochondria calcium flux and changes in mitochondria membrane potential at the same time?
Do you offer any products for measuring intracellular calcium concentration or movement by flow cytometry?
Does EDTA inactivate proteinase K?