Do human cells have peptidoglycan?

No, human cells do not have peptidoglycan, Peptidoglycan is found only in the cell walls of certain bacterial species.

The absence of peptidoglycan in human cells is a good thing. It is what makes antibiotics effective for treating human infections. For antibiotics to treat human infections, they must be able to selectively target the bacteria for eradication without affecting the cells of the human host. Antibiotics work by weakening the peptidoglycan component of the cell wall. This causes the fragile cell wall to burst, killing the bacterium. The human host remains unharmed because the absence of peptidoglycan leaves the cells immune to the action of the antibiotic.