Plant tissue culturing includes the following four stages:

• Stage 1. Initiation Stage – the explant is surface sterilized in chemical solutions to remove contaminants, transferred to a nutrient medium and then incubated in a growth chamber.
• Stage 2. Multiplication Stage – through repeated sub-culturing new shoots are produced from the original explant.
• Stage 3. Rooting Stage – during this stage roots are formed (hormones are required for strong root development).
• Stage 4. Acclimatization Stage – final stage of the culture process in which the plantlets are acclimatized to a normal growing environment. Plantlets are gradually exposed to conditions of lower humidity and higher light intensities.