Many proteins and enzymes are involved in the DNA replication, such as:

• Topoisomerase: It relaxes the DNA from its super-coiled nature.
• DNA helicase: Helicase separates the two strands of DNA at the replication fork.
• Single-strand DNA-binding protein: These proteins bind to the ssDNA unwound by helicase and prevent the re-forming of DNA double helix, thus maintaining the strand separation.
• DNA polymerase: It is responsible for catalyzing the addition of nucleotides to the growing DNA. Polymerases also perform proof-reading and error correction.
• Primase: It provides a starting point of RNA for DNA polymerase to begin synthesizing the new DNA strand.
• DNA ligase: They are responsible to join the Okazaki fragments of the lagging strand, forming a continuous strand.