What are the differences between chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Question

Accepted Answer

Basis of differentiation

Chloroplasts

Mitochondria

Location

Chloroplasts are found in plant and algae cells

Mitochondria are found in all eukaryotic cells

Color

Typically green in color

Typically colorless

Shape

Disc-like shape

Bean-like shape

Presence of pigments

Chlorophyll and carotenoids exist as photosynthetic pigments

No pigments exist in mitochondria

Foldings

Foldings in inner membrane form stromules

Foldings in inner membrane form cristae

Compartment location

Its two compartments are: stroma and thylakoids

Its two components are: the matrix and cristae

Energy source

Store solar energy in the chemical bonds of glucose

Convert sugar into chemical sugar which is ATP

Glucose involvement

Use carbon dioxide and water to build glucose molecules (Calvin cycle)

Breaks down glucose into water and carbon dioxide (glycolysis)

Functions

Are sites for photosynthesis and photorespiration

Are sites for oxidative phosphorylation, beta-oxidation, and photorespiration

Size

Are 5-7 micrometers in diameter

Are 0.5-10 micrometers in diameter

Molecules formed

ATP and NADH are formed

ATP are formed

Basis of differentiation	Chloroplasts	Mitochondria
Location	Chloroplasts are found in plant and algae cells	Mitochondria are found in all eukaryotic cells
Color	Typically green in color	Typically colorless
Shape	Disc-like shape	Bean-like shape
Presence of pigments	Chlorophyll and carotenoids exist as photosynthetic pigments	No pigments exist in mitochondria
Foldings	Foldings in inner membrane form stromules	Foldings in inner membrane form cristae
Compartment location	Its two compartments are: stroma and thylakoids	Its two components are: the matrix and cristae
Energy source	Store solar energy in the chemical bonds of glucose	Convert sugar into chemical sugar which is ATP
Glucose involvement	Use carbon dioxide and water to build glucose molecules (Calvin cycle)	Breaks down glucose into water and carbon dioxide (glycolysis)
Functions	Are sites for photosynthesis and photorespiration	Are sites for oxidative phosphorylation, beta-oxidation, and photorespiration
Size	Are 5-7 micrometers in diameter	Are 0.5-10 micrometers in diameter
Molecules formed	ATP and NADH are formed	ATP are formed