Basis of differentiation | Chloroplasts | Mitochondria |
Location | Chloroplasts are found in plant and algae cells | Mitochondria are found in all eukaryotic cells |
Color | Typically green in color | Typically colorless |
Shape | Disc-like shape | Bean-like shape |
Presence of pigments | Chlorophyll and carotenoids exist as photosynthetic pigments | No pigments exist in mitochondria |
Foldings | Foldings in inner membrane form stromules | Foldings in inner membrane form cristae |
Compartment location | Its two compartments are: stroma and thylakoids | Its two components are: the matrix and cristae |
Energy source | Store solar energy in the chemical bonds of glucose | Convert sugar into chemical sugar which is ATP |
Glucose involvement | Use carbon dioxide and water to build glucose molecules (Calvin cycle) | Breaks down glucose into water and carbon dioxide (glycolysis) |
Functions | Are sites for photosynthesis and photorespiration | Are sites for oxidative phosphorylation, beta-oxidation, and photorespiration |
Size | Are 5-7 micrometers in diameter | Are 0.5-10 micrometers in diameter |
Molecules formed | ATP and NADH are formed | ATP are formed |