What are the differences between lipogenesis and lipolysis?

Question

Accepted Answer

Basis of differentiation

Lipogenesis

Lipolysis

Definition

Is the process of fatty acid and triglyceride synthesized from glucose or other substrates

Is the process by which fats are broken down via hydrolysis to release fatty acids

Activating molecule

Insulin is the activating molecule

Catecholamines are the primary activators

Catabolic or anabolic

Lipogenesis is an anabolic reaction

Lipolysis is a catabolic reaction

Fat buildup

Lipogenesis increases fat buildup

Lipolysis decreases fat buildup

End product

Lipogenesis generates palmitic acid as the final product

Lipolysis generates fatty acids and glycerol as the final products

Enzymes used

Acyl-CoA diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 and 2 are involved

Adipose triglyceride lipase, monoacylglycerol lipase, and hormone sensitive lipase are involved

Insulin/glucagon ratio

Occurs in a high insulin/glucagon ratio

Occurs in a low insulin/glucagon ratio

Inhibitor

Long-chain fatty acyl CoA

Malonyl CoA

Carrier molecule

Citrate is the carrier molecule of acetyl groups from mitochondria to the cytosol

Serum albumin is the major carrier

Basis of differentiation	Lipogenesis	Lipolysis
Definition	Is the process of fatty acid and triglyceride synthesized from glucose or other substrates	Is the process by which fats are broken down via hydrolysis to release fatty acids
Activating molecule	Insulin is the activating molecule	Catecholamines are the primary activators
Catabolic or anabolic	Lipogenesis is an anabolic reaction	Lipolysis is a catabolic reaction
Fat buildup	Lipogenesis increases fat buildup	Lipolysis decreases fat buildup
End product	Lipogenesis generates palmitic acid as the final product	Lipolysis generates fatty acids and glycerol as the final products
Enzymes used	Acyl-CoA diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 and 2 are involved	Adipose triglyceride lipase, monoacylglycerol lipase, and hormone sensitive lipase are involved
Insulin/glucagon ratio	Occurs in a high insulin/glucagon ratio	Occurs in a low insulin/glucagon ratio
Inhibitor	Long-chain fatty acyl CoA	Malonyl CoA
Carrier molecule	Citrate is the carrier molecule of acetyl groups from mitochondria to the cytosol	Serum albumin is the major carrier