Basis of differentiation | Lipogenesis | Lipolysis |
Definition | Is the process of fatty acid and triglyceride synthesized from glucose or other substrates | Is the process by which fats are broken down via hydrolysis to release fatty acids |
Activating molecule | Insulin is the activating molecule | Catecholamines are the primary activators |
Catabolic or anabolic | Lipogenesis is an anabolic reaction | Lipolysis is a catabolic reaction |
Fat buildup | Lipogenesis increases fat buildup | Lipolysis decreases fat buildup |
End product | Lipogenesis generates palmitic acid as the final product | Lipolysis generates fatty acids and glycerol as the final products |
Enzymes used | Acyl-CoA diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 and 2 are involved | Adipose triglyceride lipase, monoacylglycerol lipase, and hormone sensitive lipase are involved |
Insulin/glucagon ratio | Occurs in a high insulin/glucagon ratio | Occurs in a low insulin/glucagon ratio |
Inhibitor | Long-chain fatty acyl CoA | Malonyl CoA |
Carrier molecule | Citrate is the carrier molecule of acetyl groups from mitochondria to the cytosol | Serum albumin is the major carrier |