What are the differences between lytic and lysogenic?

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Accepted Answer

Lytic and Lysogenic cycles refer to viral reproduction mechanisms that only occur inside a host cell. There are several significant differences between these two cycles.

Basis of differentiation
Lytic 
Lysogenic

Definition

Is a type of a viral reproduction mechanism that results in the lysis of the infected cell

Is a type of viral reproduction mechanism where the viral or phage DNA is integrated into the host cell DNA

Integration of the Viral DNA

Viral DNA does not integrate into the host DNA

Viral DNA integrates into the host DNA

Prophage stage

Prophage stage is absent

There is a prophage stage

Hydrolysis of host DNA

Host DNA is hydrolyzed

Host DNA is not hydrolyzed

Relation between viral DNA replication and the host’s DNA replication

Viral DNA replication and the host’s DNA replication occur independently from each other

Viral DNA replication and the host’s DNA replication occur simultaneously

Productivity of Viral DNA

Independent replication of the viral DNA results in higher productivity of viral DNA

Simultaneous replication of the virus and the host’s DNA results in lower productivity of viral DNA

Virulency

The lytic virus is virulent

The lysogenic virus is non virulent

Time to complete the cycle

Is completed within a short period of time

Takes a longer time to complete

Liberation of the viral particles or a progeny

Produces viral progenies since viral particles are released

Does not produce viral progenies since viral particles are not liberated

Lysis of the Host Cell

Host cell is lysed during the release of viral particles

Host cell is not lysed

Effect on host’s cellular mechanism

Host’s cellular mechanism completely taken over by the viral genome

Host’s cellular mechanism is only minimally disrupted by the viral genome

Order

Cannot follow the lysogenic cycle

Can follow the lytic cycle

Symptoms of viral infection

Manifests symptoms of viral replication

Does not manifest symptoms of viral replication

Impact on genetic recombination in the host bacterium

Does not allow genetic recombination in the host bacterium

Allows genetic recombination of the host bacterium

Basis of differentiation	Lytic	Lysogenic
Definition	Is a type of a viral reproduction mechanism that results in the lysis of the infected cell	Is a type of viral reproduction mechanism where the viral or phage DNA is integrated into the host cell DNA
Integration of the Viral DNA	Viral DNA does not integrate into the host DNA	Viral DNA integrates into the host DNA
Prophage stage	Prophage stage is absent	There is a prophage stage
Hydrolysis of host DNA	Host DNA is hydrolyzed	Host DNA is not hydrolyzed
Relation between viral DNA replication and the host’s DNA replication	Viral DNA replication and the host’s DNA replication occur independently from each other	Viral DNA replication and the host’s DNA replication occur simultaneously
Productivity of Viral DNA	Independent replication of the viral DNA results in higher productivity of viral DNA	Simultaneous replication of the virus and the host’s DNA results in lower productivity of viral DNA
Virulency	The lytic virus is virulent	The lysogenic virus is non virulent
Time to complete the cycle	Is completed within a short period of time	Takes a longer time to complete
Liberation of the viral particles or a progeny	Produces viral progenies since viral particles are released	Does not produce viral progenies since viral particles are not liberated
Lysis of the Host Cell	Host cell is lysed during the release of viral particles	Host cell is not lysed
Effect on host’s cellular mechanism	Host’s cellular mechanism completely taken over by the viral genome	Host’s cellular mechanism is only minimally disrupted by the viral genome
Order	Cannot follow the lysogenic cycle	Can follow the lytic cycle
Symptoms of viral infection	Manifests symptoms of viral replication	Does not manifest symptoms of viral replication
Impact on genetic recombination in the host bacterium	Does not allow genetic recombination in the host bacterium	Allows genetic recombination of the host bacterium

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