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Cell Meter™ Autophagy Fluorescence Imaging Kit

Autophagy is one of the major pathways for degradation of intracellular macromolecules in animal cells. The process of autophagy involves the sequestration of cytoplasmic materials and intracellular organelles in a membrane-bounded vacuole called autophagosome, the fusion of the autophagosome with lysosomes, and the subsequent degradation of sequestered materials. Cell Meter™ autophagy fluorescence imaging kit employs Autophagy Super Blue™ as a specific autophagosome marker to analyze the activity of autophagy. The assay is optimized for direct detection of autophagy in both detached and attached cells. The kit provides all the essential components for the assay protocol. The Cell Meter™ autophagy fluorescence imaging kit is optimized for fluorescence microscope. It gives much higher selectivity than other commercially available autophagy probes.

Example protocol

AT A GLANCE

Protocol summary

  1. Prepare cells with your test compounds at the density of 1 - 2 × 104 cells/well
  2. Add Autophagy Super Blue™ working solution
  3. Incubate at 37°C for 15 - 60 minutes
  4. Wash cells with Wash Buffer
  5. Monitor the fluorescence increase at Ex/Em= 330/520 nm (Cutoff = 475 nm), fluorescence microscope with DAPI filter set

Important notes
Thaw all the components at room temperature before starting the experiment.

PREPARATION OF WORKING SOLUTION

Add 20 μL of 500X Autophagy Super Blue™ (Component A) to 10 mL of Stain Buffer (Component B) and mix well to make Autophagy Super Blue™ working solution. Protect from light. Note: 20 μL of 500X Autophagy Super Blue™ (Component A) is enough for one 96-well plate.

SAMPLE EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL

  1. Culture cells to a density optimal for autophagy induction according to your specific induction protocol (about 1 - 2 × 104 cells/ well/96-well plate). At the same time, culture a non-induced negative control cell population at the same density as the induced population for every labeling condition.

  2. Remove medium.

  3. Add 100 µL/well (96-well plate) or 25 µL/well (384-well plate) of Autophagy Super Blue™ working solution into each well.

  4. Incubate the cells in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator for 15 to 60 minutes. Note: The appropriate incubation time depends on the individual cell type and cell concentration used. Optimize the incubation time for each experiment.

  5. Wash the cells with Wash Buffer (Component C) for 3 - 4 times, then add 100 µL Wash Buffer (Component C) to each well. Note: It is recommended to increase either the labeling concentration or the incubation time to allow the dye to accumulate if the cells do not appear to be sufficiently stained.

  6. Monitor the fluorescence intensity with a fluorescence microplate reader at Ex/Em = 330/520 nm (Cutoff = 475 nm), a fluorescence microscope with DAPI filter set.

Citations

View all 7 citations: Citation Explorer
TCP1 increases drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia by suppressing autophagy via activating AKT/mTOR signaling
Authors: Chen, Xiaofang and Chen, Xianling and Huang, Yiping and Lin, Jia and Wu, Yong and Chen, Yuanzhong
Journal: Cell death \& disease (2021): 1--11
Immune privilege of adipocyte mitochondria protects from obesity
Authors: Hoang, Anh Cuong and Yu, Haidong and Lin, Ya-Tin and Chen, Jin-Chung and Chen, Chia-Chun and Diedrich, Victoria and Herwig, Annika and Landgraf, Kathrin and K{\"o}rner, Antje and Roszer, Tam{\'a}s
Journal: (2021)
Primary cilia and autophagy interaction is involved in mechanical stress mediated cartilage development via ERK/mTOR axis
Authors: Xiang, Wei and Jiang, Ting and Hao, Xiaoxia and Wang, Rui and Yao, Xudong and Sun, Kai and Guo, Fengjing and Xu, Tao
Journal: Life Sciences (2019)
Tanshinone IIA ameliorates oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity via mitochondrial protection and autophagy promotion
Authors: Cheng, Weiting and Xiang, Wei and Wang, Shan and Xu, Kai
Journal: Am J Transl Res (2019): 3140--3149
Methods for Measuring Autophagy Levels in Disease
Authors: Phadwal, Kanchan and Kurian, Dominic
Journal: (2017): 195--211

References

View all 28 references: Citation Explorer
Tgf-beta1 induces autophagy and promotes apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Xu Y, Yang S, Huang J, Ruan S, Zheng Z, Lin J.
Journal: Int J Mol Med. (2012)
An autophagy inhibitor enhances the inhibition of cell proliferation
Authors: Yao F, Wang G, Wei W, Tu Y, Tong H, Sun S.
Journal: Mol Med Report (2012): 84
High-Throughput Screening for AntiInfluenza A Virus Drugs and Study of the Mechanism of Procyanidin on Influenza A VirusInduced Autophagy
Authors: Dai J, Wang G, Li W, Zhang L, Yang J, Zhao X, Chen X, Xu Y, Li K.
Journal: J Biomol Screen. (2012)
beta-Elemene induces apoptosis as well as protective autophagy in human non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells
Authors: Liu J, Hu XJ, Jin B, Qu XJ, Hou KZ, Liu YP.
Journal: J Pharm Pharmacol (2012): 146
Inhibition of induced autophagy increases apoptosis of Nara-H cells
Authors: Nakamura O, Hitora T, Akisue T, Kawamoto T, Yamagami Y, Yamamoto T.
Journal: Int J Oncol (2011): 1545
Page updated on October 12, 2024

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Catalog Number23001
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Storage, safety and handling

H-phraseH303, H313, H333
Hazard symbolXN
Intended useResearch Use Only (RUO)
R-phraseR20, R21, R22
UNSPSC12352200

Platform

Fluorescence microscope

ExcitationDAPI filter
EmissionDAPI filter
Recommended plateBlack wall, clear bottom

Components

Autophagy Super Blue™ labeled vesicles were induced by starvation in HeLa cells. HeLa cells were incubated in a regular DMEM medium (Left: Control) or in 1X HBSS buffer with 5% serum (Right: Autophagy Treatment) for 16 hours. Both control and treated cells were incubated with Autophagy Super Blue™ working solution for 20 minutes in a 37 °C, 5% CO2 incubator, and washed 3 times with wash buffer. Cells were imaged immediately under a fluorescence microscope with a DAPI channel (blue). Cell nuclei were stained with Nuclear Green™ LCS1 (green).
Autophagy Super Blue™ labeled vesicles were induced by starvation in HeLa cells. HeLa cells were incubated in a regular DMEM medium (Left: Control) or in 1X HBSS buffer with 5% serum (Right: Autophagy Treatment) for 16 hours. Both control and treated cells were incubated with Autophagy Super Blue™ working solution for 20 minutes in a 37 °C, 5% CO2 incubator, and washed 3 times with wash buffer. Cells were imaged immediately under a fluorescence microscope with a DAPI channel (blue). Cell nuclei were stained with Nuclear Green™ LCS1 (green).
Autophagy Super Blue™ labeled vesicles were induced by starvation in HeLa cells. HeLa cells were incubated in a regular DMEM medium (Left: Control) or in 1X HBSS buffer with 5% serum (Right: Autophagy Treatment) for 16 hours. Both control and treated cells were incubated with Autophagy Super Blue™ working solution for 20 minutes in a 37 °C, 5% CO2 incubator, and washed 3 times with wash buffer. Cells were imaged immediately under a fluorescence microscope with a DAPI channel (blue). Cell nuclei were stained with Nuclear Green™ LCS1 (green).