DAPI [4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride] *CAS 28718-90-3*
![Chemical structure for DAPI [4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride] *CAS 28718-90-3*](https://images.aatbio.com/products/figures-and-data/dapi-4-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-dihydrochloride-cas-28718-90-3/chemical-structure-of-dapi-4-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-dihydrochloride-cas-28718-90-3.svg)
| Overview |  SDSProtocol |
See also: Antibodies and Proteomics, Antibody and Protein Labeling, Bioconjugation, Cell Cycle Assays, Cell Structures and Organelles, Nucleus, Cellular Processes, DAPI - Blue Fluorescent DNA Stain, Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
CAS 28718-90-3 | Molecular weight 350.25 | Extinction coefficient (cm -1 M -1) 27000 | Excitation (nm) 359 | Emission (nm) 457 |
DAPI is a fluorescent stain that binds strongly to DNA. It is used extensively in fluorescence microscopy. Since DAPI passes through an intact cell membrane, it can be used to stain live cells besides fixed cells. For fluorescence microscopy, DAPI is excited with ultraviolet light. When bound to double-stranded DNA its absorption maximum is at 358 nm and its emission maximum is at 461 nm. One drawback of DAPI is that its emission is fairly broad. DAPI also binds to RNA although it is not as strongly fluorescent as it binds to DNA. Its emission shifts to around 500 nm when bound to RNA. DAPI's blue emission is convenient for multiplexing assays since there is very little fluorescence overlap between DAPI and green-fluorescent molecules like fluorescein and green fluorescent protein (GFP), or red-fluorescent stains like Texas Red. Besides labeling cell nuclei, DAPI is also used for the detection of mycoplasma or virus DNA in cell cultures.
Calculators
Common stock solution preparation
Table 1. Volume of Water needed to reconstitute specific mass of DAPI [4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride] *CAS 28718-90-3* to given concentration. Note that volume is only for preparing stock solution. Refer to sample experimental protocol for appropriate experimental/physiological buffers.
| 0.1 mg | 0.5 mg | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 285.51 µL | 1.428 mL | 2.855 mL | 14.276 mL | 28.551 mL |
| 5 mM | 57.102 µL | 285.51 µL | 571.021 µL | 2.855 mL | 5.71 mL |
| 10 mM | 28.551 µL | 142.755 µL | 285.51 µL | 1.428 mL | 2.855 mL |
Molarity calculator
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| Mass (Calculate) | Molecular weight | Volume (Calculate) | Concentration (Calculate) | Moles | ||||
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Spectrum
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Spectral properties
| Extinction coefficient (cm -1 M -1) | 27000 |
| Excitation (nm) | 359 |
| Emission (nm) | 457 |
Images
Figure 1. Chemical structure for DAPI [4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride] *CAS 28718-90-3*
Citations
View all 71 citations: Citation Explorer
Spatiotemporal distribution analyses of Wnt5a ligand and its receptors Ror2, Frizzled2, and Frizzled5 during tongue muscle development in prenatal mice
Authors: Asada, Naomi and Suzuki, Kingo and Sunohara, Masataka
Journal: Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger (2023): 152017
Authors: Asada, Naomi and Suzuki, Kingo and Sunohara, Masataka
Journal: Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger (2023): 152017
Unique metabolic profiles of Blautia wexlerae achieve beneficial effects for the control of obesity and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hosomi, Koji and Saito, Mayu and Park, Jonguk and Murakami, Haruka and Shibata, Naoko and Ando, Masahiro and Nagatake, Takahiro and Konishi, Kana and Ohno, Harumi and Tanisawa, Kumpei and others,
Journal: (2022)
Authors: Hosomi, Koji and Saito, Mayu and Park, Jonguk and Murakami, Haruka and Shibata, Naoko and Ando, Masahiro and Nagatake, Takahiro and Konishi, Kana and Ohno, Harumi and Tanisawa, Kumpei and others,
Journal: (2022)
Modulating Microglia/Macrophage Activation by CDNF Promotes Transplantation of Fetal Ventral Mesencephalic Graft Survival and Function in a Hemiparkinsonian Rat Model
Authors: Tseng, Kuan-Yin and Wu, Jui-Sheng and Chen, Yuan-Hao and Airavaara, Mikko and Cheng, Cheng-Yi and Ma, Kuo-Hsing
Journal: Biomedicines (2022): 1446
Authors: Tseng, Kuan-Yin and Wu, Jui-Sheng and Chen, Yuan-Hao and Airavaara, Mikko and Cheng, Cheng-Yi and Ma, Kuo-Hsing
Journal: Biomedicines (2022): 1446
Effect of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with $\alpha$-tomatine on HepG2 cancer cells studied in vitro
Authors: Nepal, Bishal and Bhattarai, Jay K and Dhami, Kapur B and Nichols, Michael R and Stine, Keith J
Journal: Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology (2022): 104033
Authors: Nepal, Bishal and Bhattarai, Jay K and Dhami, Kapur B and Nichols, Michael R and Stine, Keith J
Journal: Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology (2022): 104033
DLP 3D printed silica-doped HAp ceramic scaffolds inspired by the trabecular bone structure
Authors: Zhang, Chengyu and Yuan, Yanping and Zeng, Yong and Chen, Jimin
Journal: Ceramics International (2022): 27765--27773
Authors: Zhang, Chengyu and Yuan, Yanping and Zeng, Yong and Chen, Jimin
Journal: Ceramics International (2022): 27765--27773
Assessment of Cellular Alignment and Proliferation on Cellulose Nanofibril (CNF) Films
Authors: Roozbahani, Sahar
Journal: (2022)
Authors: Roozbahani, Sahar
Journal: (2022)
A robust mechanism for resetting juvenility during each generation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Gao, Jian and Zhang, Ke and Cheng, Ying-Juan and Yu, Sha and Shang, Guan-Dong and Wang, Fu-Xiang and Wu, Lian-Yu and Xu, Zhou-Geng and Mai, Yan-Xia and Zhao, Xin-Yan and others,
Journal: Nature Plants (2022): 257--268
Authors: Gao, Jian and Zhang, Ke and Cheng, Ying-Juan and Yu, Sha and Shang, Guan-Dong and Wang, Fu-Xiang and Wu, Lian-Yu and Xu, Zhou-Geng and Mai, Yan-Xia and Zhao, Xin-Yan and others,
Journal: Nature Plants (2022): 257--268
Oral administration of Blautia wexlerae ameliorates obesity and type 2 diabetes via metabolic remodeling of the gut microbiota
Authors: Hosomi, Koji and Saito, Mayu and Park, Jonguk and Murakami, Haruka and Shibata, Naoko and Ando, Masahiro and Nagatake, Takahiro and Konishi, Kana and Ohno, Harumi and Tanisawa, Kumpei and others,
Journal: Nature communications (2022): 1--17
Authors: Hosomi, Koji and Saito, Mayu and Park, Jonguk and Murakami, Haruka and Shibata, Naoko and Ando, Masahiro and Nagatake, Takahiro and Konishi, Kana and Ohno, Harumi and Tanisawa, Kumpei and others,
Journal: Nature communications (2022): 1--17
Enhanced DNA repair through droplet formation and p53 oscillations
Authors: Heltberg, Mathias S and Lucchetti, Alessandra and Hsieh, Feng-Shu and Nguyen, Duy Pham Minh and Chen, Sheng-hong and Jensen, Mogens H
Journal: Cell (2022): 4394--4408
Authors: Heltberg, Mathias S and Lucchetti, Alessandra and Hsieh, Feng-Shu and Nguyen, Duy Pham Minh and Chen, Sheng-hong and Jensen, Mogens H
Journal: Cell (2022): 4394--4408
Protocol for assaying chromatin accessibility using ATAC-seq in plants
Authors: Wang, Fu-Xiang and Shang, Guan-Dong and Wu, Lian-Yu and Mai, Yan-Xia and Gao, Jian and Xu, Zhou-Geng and Wang, Jia-Wei
Journal: STAR protocols (2021): 100289
Authors: Wang, Fu-Xiang and Shang, Guan-Dong and Wu, Lian-Yu and Mai, Yan-Xia and Gao, Jian and Xu, Zhou-Geng and Wang, Jia-Wei
Journal: STAR protocols (2021): 100289
References
View all 134 references: Citation Explorer
Reliable DNA ploidy determination in dehydrated tissues of vascular plants by DAPI flow cytometry--new prospects for plant research
Authors: Suda J, Travnicek P.
Journal: Cytometry A (2006): 273
Authors: Suda J, Travnicek P.
Journal: Cytometry A (2006): 273
Identification of all pachytene bivalents in the common shrew using DAPI-staining of synaptonemal complex spreads
Authors: Belonogova NM, Karamysheva TV, Biltueva LS, Perepelov EA, Minina JM, Polyakov AV, Zhdanova NS, Rubtsov NB, Searle JB, Borodin PM.
Journal: Chromosome Res (2006): 673
Authors: Belonogova NM, Karamysheva TV, Biltueva LS, Perepelov EA, Minina JM, Polyakov AV, Zhdanova NS, Rubtsov NB, Searle JB, Borodin PM.
Journal: Chromosome Res (2006): 673
Physical localization of ribosomal genes and chromosome DAPI banding by in situ hybridization in Medicago sativa L
Authors: Chen JM, Hong YH, Wang YP, Bowley S, Wan JM.
Journal: Yi Chuan (2006): 184
Authors: Chen JM, Hong YH, Wang YP, Bowley S, Wan JM.
Journal: Yi Chuan (2006): 184
DNA staining with the fluorochromes EtBr, DAPI and YOYO-1 in the comet assay with tobacco plants after treatment with ethyl methanesulphonate, hyperthermia and DNase-I
Authors: Gichner T, Mukherjee A, Veleminsky J.
Journal: Mutat Res (2006): 17
Authors: Gichner T, Mukherjee A, Veleminsky J.
Journal: Mutat Res (2006): 17
Investigation of chromosomes in varieties and translocation lines of pea Pisum sativum L. by FISH, Ag-NOR, and differential DAPI staining
Authors: Samatadze TE, Muravenko OM, Bol'sheva NL, Amosova AB, Gostimsckii SA, Zelenin AV.
Journal: Genetika (2005): 1665
Authors: Samatadze TE, Muravenko OM, Bol'sheva NL, Amosova AB, Gostimsckii SA, Zelenin AV.
Journal: Genetika (2005): 1665
DAPI fluorescence in nuclei isolated from tumors
Authors: Krishan A, D and ekar PD., undefined
Journal: J Histochem Cytochem (2005): 1033
Authors: Krishan A, D and ekar PD., undefined
Journal: J Histochem Cytochem (2005): 1033
Polarized fluorescence correlation spectroscopy of DNA-DAPI complexes
Authors: Barcellona ML, Gammon S, Hazlett T, Digman MA, Gratton E.
Journal: Microsc Res Tech (2004): 205
Authors: Barcellona ML, Gammon S, Hazlett T, Digman MA, Gratton E.
Journal: Microsc Res Tech (2004): 205
DNA quantification in nuclei of cultivated mushroom with DAPI staining
Authors: Pancheva EV, Volkova VN, Kamzolkina OV.
Journal: Tsitologiia (2004): 381
Authors: Pancheva EV, Volkova VN, Kamzolkina OV.
Journal: Tsitologiia (2004): 381
Quantification of sPLA2-induced early and late apoptosis changes in neuronal cell cultures using combined TUNEL and DAPI staining
Authors: Daniel B, DeCoster MA.
Journal: Brain Res Brain Res Protoc (2004): 144
Authors: Daniel B, DeCoster MA.
Journal: Brain Res Brain Res Protoc (2004): 144
DAPI derivative: a fluorescent DNA dye that can be covalently attached to biomolecules
Authors: Li M, Wu RS, Tsai JS.
Journal: Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2003): 4351
Authors: Li M, Wu RS, Tsai JS.
Journal: Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2003): 4351
Application notes
Selective Analysis of RNA in Live and Fixed Cells with StrandBrite RNA Green
Selective Analysis of RNA in Live and Fixed Cells with StrandBrite RNA Green
Selective Analysis of RNA in Live and Fixed Cells with StrandBrite RNA Green
Selective Analysis of RNA in Live and Fixed Cells with StrandBrite RNA Green
Selective Analysis of RNA in Live and Fixed Cells with StrandBrite RNA Green
AssayWise
Intracellular pH Measurement with Dual Excitation Fluorescence Sensor BCFL
A Practical Guide for Labeling Antibodies
Intracellular pH Measurement with Dual Excitation Fluorescence Sensor BCFL
A Practical Guide for Labeling Antibodies
Intracellular pH Measurement with Dual Excitation Fluorescence Sensor BCFL