TMRE [Tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester] CAS#: 115532-52-0

<strong>CcO inhibition and PTM induce mitochondrial dysfunction. </strong>(A) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3 h treatment with NaN<sub>3</sub>. (B) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (A). (C) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3 h treatment with KCN. (D) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (C,E) Cellular ATP levels following 2 h treatment with NaN<sub>3</sub> and PTM. (F) Cellular ATP levels following 2 h treatment with KCN and PTM. Scale bar: 100 µm Data are mean + SEM from three independent experiments. Source: <strong>Cytochrome C oxidase Inhibition and Cold Plasma-derived Oxidants Synergize in Melanoma Cell Death Induction</strong> by Gandhirajan et al., <em>Scientific Reports</em>, Aug. 2018.

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Physical properties

Molecular weight	514.95
Solvent	DMSO

Spectral properties

Correction Factor (260 nm)	0.27
Correction Factor (280 nm)	0.03
Excitation (nm)	552
Emission (nm)	574

Storage, safety and handling

Certificate of Origin	Download PDF
H-phrase	H303, H313, H333
Hazard symbol	XN
Intended use	Research Use Only (RUO)
R-phrase	R20, R21, R22
Storage	Freeze (< -15 °C); Minimize light exposure
UNSPSC	12352200

Overview SDS Protocol

CAS

115532-52-0

Molecular weight

514.95

Correction Factor (260 nm)

0.27

Correction Factor (280 nm)

0.03

Excitation (nm)

552

Emission (nm)

574

Positively charged rhodamine dyes (such as rhodamine esters and rosamines) are selectively localized in mitochondria, thus they are widely used for labeling mitochondria of live cells. Like JC-1, TMRM and TMRE are widely used for measuring mitochondrial membrane potential besides their selective mitochondrial staining. These two particular rhodamine esters stain mitochondria orange in fluorescence. Their spectral properties are similar to those of TRITC, making the use of TMRM and TMRE quite convenient. TMRE is slightly more hydrophobic than TMRM.

Calculators

Common stock solution preparation

Table 1. Volume of DMSO needed to reconstitute specific mass of TMRE [Tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester] *CAS#: 115532-52-0* to given concentration. Note that volume is only for preparing stock solution. Refer to sample experimental protocol for appropriate experimental/physiological buffers.

	0.1 mg	0.5 mg	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	194.194 µL	970.968 µL	1.942 mL	9.71 mL	19.419 mL
5 mM	38.839 µL	194.194 µL	388.387 µL	1.942 mL	3.884 mL
10 mM	19.419 µL	97.097 µL	194.194 µL	970.968 µL	1.942 mL

Molarity calculator

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Spectrum

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Spectral properties

Correction Factor (260 nm)	0.27
Correction Factor (280 nm)	0.03
Excitation (nm)	552
Emission (nm)	574

Images

Figure 1. CcO inhibition and PTM induce mitochondrial dysfunction. (A) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3 h treatment with NaN₃. (B) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (A). (C) Mitochondrial membrane potential enumerated by TMRE dye uptake and cellular superoxide levels by nuclear DHE staining in B16F10 cells following 3 h treatment with KCN. (D) Quantification of fluorescence intensity from (C,E) Cellular ATP levels following 2 h treatment with NaN₃ and PTM. (F) Cellular ATP levels following 2 h treatment with KCN and PTM. Scale bar: 100 µm Data are mean + SEM from three independent experiments. Source: Cytochrome C oxidase Inhibition and Cold Plasma-derived Oxidants Synergize in Melanoma Cell Death Induction by Gandhirajan et al., Scientific Reports, Aug. 2018.

Figure 2. Chemical structure for TMRE [Tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester] *CAS#: 115532-52-0*

Citations

View all 15 citations: Citation Explorer

BNIP3 (BCL2 interacting protein 3) regulates pluripotency by modulating mitochondrial homeostasis via mitophagy
Authors: Liu, Kun and Zhao, Qian and Sun, Hongyan and Liu, Lei and Wang, Chaoqun and Li, Zheng and Xu, Youqing and Wang, Liang and Zhang, Lin and Zhang, Honghai and others,
Journal: Cell death \& disease (2022): 1--8

The mycotoxin viriditoxin induces leukemia-and lymphoma-specific apoptosis by targeting mitochondrial metabolism
Authors: Stuhldreier, Fabian and Schmitt, Laura and Lenz, Thomas and Hinxlage, Ilka and Zimmermann, Marcel and Wollnitzke, Philipp and Schliehe-Diecks, Julian and Liu, Yang and J{\"a}ger, Paul and Geyh, Stefanie and others,
Journal: Cell Death \& Disease (2022): 1--17

Metformin dampens cisplatin cytotoxicity on leukemia cells after incorporation into cubosomal nanoformulation
Authors: Saber, Mona M and Al-mahallawi, Abdulaziz M and Stork, Bj{\"o}rn
Journal: Biomedicine \& Pharmacotherapy (2021): 112140

The amino acid metabolism is essential for evading physical plasma-induced tumour cell death
Authors: Gandhirajan, Rajesh Kumar and Meyer, Dorothee and Sagwal, Sanjeev Kumar and Weltmann, Klaus-Dieter and von Woedtke, Thomas and Bekeschus, Sander
Journal: British journal of cancer (2021): 1854--1863

Cytotoxicity, mitochondrial impairment, DNA damage and associated mechanisms induced by tris (1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate and tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate in A549 cells
Authors: Yuan, Shengwu and Ma, Mei and Zhu, Xiaoshan and Han, Yingnan and Rao, Kaifeng and Wang, Zijian
Journal: Science of The Total Environment (2021): 147668

PINK1-mediated mitophagy maintains pluripotency through optineurin
Authors: Wang, Chaoqun and Liu, Kun and Cao, Jiani and Wang, Liang and Zhao, Qian and Li, Zheng and Zhang, Honghai and Chen, Quan and Zhao, Tongbiao
Journal: Cell Proliferation (2021): e13034

Ronin governs the metabolic capacity of the embryonic lineage for post-implantation development
Authors: Salewskij, Kirill and Gross-Thebing, Theresa and Ing-Simmons, Elizabeth and Duethorn, Binyamin and Rieger, Bettina and Fan, Rui and Chen, Rui and Govindasamy, Niraimathi and Brinkmann, Heike and Kremer, Ludmila and others,
Journal: EMBO reports (2021): e53048

In vitro oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment and G1 phase cell cycle arrest induced by alkyl-phosphorus-containing flame retardants
Authors: Yuan, Shengwu and Zhu, Kongrui and Ma, Mei and Zhu, Xiaoshan and Rao, Kaifeng and Wang, Zijian
Journal: Chemosphere (2020): 126026

Mitochondrial survivin reduces oxidative phosphorylation in cancer cells by inhibiting mitophagy
Authors: Townley, Amelia R and Wheatley, Sally P
Journal: Journal of cell science (2020): jcs247379

Spermidine alleviates cardiac aging by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and function
Authors: Wang, Junying and Li, Shaoqi and Wang, Ju and Wu, Feixiang and Chen, Yuhan and Zhang, Hao and Guo, Yubo and Lin, Yan and Li, Lingxu and Yu, Xue and others,
Journal: Aging (Albany NY) (2020): 650

References

View all 73 references: Citation Explorer

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Dystrophin is a possible end-target of ischemic preconditioning against cardiomyocyte oncosis during the early phase of reperfusion
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Evaluation of the reactivity of apoptosis markers before and after cryopreservation in cord blood CD34(+) cells
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High concordance of drug-induced human hepatotoxicity with in vitro cytotoxicity measured in a novel cell-based model using high content screening
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Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake during simulated ischemia does not affect permeability transition pore opening upon simulated reperfusion
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