Enzyme immobilization serves three main functions: 

• It enhances enzyme stability and minimizes susceptibility to environmental changes by making enzymes more resistant to temperatures and pH variations. 
• It allows enzymes to be reused in successive batches of reactions and lowers the overall cost of enzyme usage. Separating the immobilized enzymes from the reaction mixture is simple. 
• Fixing the catalyst to a carrier makes the downstream processing more efficient, straightforward, and cost-effective as it involves separating only the final products and the reactants.