Lysosomes carry out many crucial cellular functions. The primary functions of lysosomes are to degrade/digest macromolecules (lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, andnucleic acids) as well as to digest components inside the cell (nonfunctional cell organelles). Another important function is to destroy foreign substances such as viruses, bacteria, and other antigens. Additionally, lysosomes degrade excess or worn-out cell parts. Moreover, they help cells to initiate apoptosis if they are damaged beyond repair.