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AAT Bioquest

What are the functions of mitosis?

Posted November 30, 2023


Answer

The functions/purpose of mitosis is cell regeneration, growth, and asexual reproduction. Mitosis functions to replace older cells in the body that are no longer required. This is important in skin cells for example, as they are continuously dividing and being replaced by newer cells in the body. Another example are starfish, which replace lost legs through mitosis. Animals and plants rely on the process of cell division to grow, as new cells are continuously added to their bodies/structures. Mitosis permits organisms to multiply their cells, resulting in the growth from a single cell into a complex, multicellular organism. Mitosis functions to produce 2 genetically identical, diploid daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes. In some multicellular and in many eukaryotic unicellular organisms, asexual reproduction is dependent on mitosis since it forms a genetically identical duplicate cell of the parent cell. For example, amoebas and yeasts use  mitosis to reproduce asexually, as a single cell divides to produce identical offspring. 

Additional resources

The Biochemistry of Mitosis

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