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AAT Bioquest

What are the steps of the energy releasing phase of glycolysis?

Posted November 6, 2023


Answer

Energy releasing phase:

  1. Two reactions occur concurrently: 1) G3P is phosphorylated at C1 by G3P dehydrogenase to form 1,3,-bisphosphoglycerate 2) NAD+ is reduced to NADH and H+
  2.  1,3-bisphosphoglycerate donates a single phosphate group to ADP through phosphoglycerate kinase to form ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate
  3. 3-phosphoglycerate is converted to its isomer 2-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate mutase
  4. 2-phosphoglycerate is converted to phosphopyruvate (PEP) through enolase; water, magnesium, and potassium are all released in the process
  5. PEP donates a single phosphate group to ADP, forming a second molecule of ATP and pyruvate

Each step in the energy-releasing phase happens twice per glucose sugar since glucose divides to form 2 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.  

Additional resources

Biochemistry, Glycolysis

Cellular Processes

Cell Signaling

PhosphoWorks™ Fluorimetric ATP Assay Kit