mFluor™ Blue 590 SE
mFluor™ Blue 590 dye can be well excited with blue laser at 488 nm. It has a huge Stokes shift with emission ~590 nm. mFluor™ Blue 590 dyes are water-soluble, and the protein conjugates prepared with mFluor™ Blue 590 dyes are well excited at 488 nm to give red fluorescence. mFluor™ Blue 590 dye and conjugates are excellent blue laser reagents for flow cytometry detections. Compared to RPE, mFluor™ Blue 590 dyes are much more photostable, making them readily available for fluorescence imaging applications while it is very difficult to use RPE conjugates for fluorescence imaging applications due to the rapid photobleaching of RPE conjugates. It is also a unique fluorochrome for spectral flow cytometry since there are very few existing dyes that have this spectral profile.
Example protocol
PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTIONS
Unless otherwise noted, all unused stock solutions should be divided into single-use aliquots and stored at -20 °C after preparation. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Note The pH of the protein solution (Solution A) should be 8.5 ± 0.5. If the pH of the protein solution is lower than 8.0, adjust the pH to the range of 8.0-9.0 using 1 M sodium bicarbonate solution or 1 M pH 9.0 phosphate buffer.
Note The protein should be dissolved in 1X phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.2-7.4. If the protein is dissolved in Tris or glycine buffer, it must be dialyzed against 1X PBS, pH 7.2-7.4, to remove free amines or ammonium salts (such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium acetate) that are widely used for protein precipitation.
Note Impure antibodies or antibodies stabilized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or gelatin will not be labeled well. The presence of sodium azide or thimerosal might also interfere with the conjugation reaction. Sodium azide or thimerosal can be removed by dialysis or spin column for optimal labeling results.
Note The conjugation efficiency is significantly reduced if the protein concentration is less than 2 mg/mL. For optimal labeling efficiency the final protein concentration range of 2-10 mg/mL is recommended.
Note Prepare the dye stock solution (Solution B) before starting the conjugation. Use promptly. Extended storage of the dye stock solution may reduce the dye activity. Solution B can be stored in freezer for two weeks when kept from light and moisture. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
1. Protein stock solution (Solution A)
Mix 100 µL of a reaction buffer (e.g., 1 M sodium carbonate solution or 1 M phosphate buffer with pH ~9.0) with 900 µL of the target protein solution (e.g. antibody, protein concentration >2 mg/mL if possible) to give 1 mL protein labeling stock solution.Note The pH of the protein solution (Solution A) should be 8.5 ± 0.5. If the pH of the protein solution is lower than 8.0, adjust the pH to the range of 8.0-9.0 using 1 M sodium bicarbonate solution or 1 M pH 9.0 phosphate buffer.
Note The protein should be dissolved in 1X phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.2-7.4. If the protein is dissolved in Tris or glycine buffer, it must be dialyzed against 1X PBS, pH 7.2-7.4, to remove free amines or ammonium salts (such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium acetate) that are widely used for protein precipitation.
Note Impure antibodies or antibodies stabilized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or gelatin will not be labeled well. The presence of sodium azide or thimerosal might also interfere with the conjugation reaction. Sodium azide or thimerosal can be removed by dialysis or spin column for optimal labeling results.
Note The conjugation efficiency is significantly reduced if the protein concentration is less than 2 mg/mL. For optimal labeling efficiency the final protein concentration range of 2-10 mg/mL is recommended.
2. mFluor™ Blue 590 SE stock solution (Solution B)
Add anhydrous DMSO into the vial of mFluor™ Blue 590 SE to make a 10 mM stock solution. Mix well by pipetting or vortex.Note Prepare the dye stock solution (Solution B) before starting the conjugation. Use promptly. Extended storage of the dye stock solution may reduce the dye activity. Solution B can be stored in freezer for two weeks when kept from light and moisture. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
SAMPLE EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL
This labeling protocol was developed for the conjugate of Goat anti-mouse IgG with mFluor™ Blue 590 SE. You might need further optimization for your particular proteins.
Note Each protein requires distinct dye/protein ratio, which also depends on the properties of dyes. Over labeling of a protein could detrimentally affects its binding affinity while the protein conjugates of low dye/protein ratio gives reduced sensitivity.
Note Each protein requires distinct dye/protein ratio, which also depends on the properties of dyes. Over labeling of a protein could detrimentally affects its binding affinity while the protein conjugates of low dye/protein ratio gives reduced sensitivity.
Run conjugation reaction
- Use 10:1 molar ratio of Solution B (dye)/Solution A (protein) as the starting point: Add 5 µL of the dye stock solution (Solution B, assuming the dye stock solution is 10 mM) into the vial of the protein solution (95 µL of Solution A) with effective shaking. The concentration of the protein is ~0.05 mM assuming the protein concentration is 10 mg/mL and the molecular weight of the protein is ~200KD.
Note We recommend to use 10:1 molar ratio of Solution B (dye)/Solution A (protein). If it is too less or too high, determine the optimal dye/protein ratio at 5:1, 15:1 and 20:1 respectively. - Continue to rotate or shake the reaction mixture at room temperature for 30-60 minutes.
Purify the conjugation
The following protocol is an example of dye-protein conjugate purification by using a Sephadex G-25 column.- Prepare Sephadex G-25 column according to the manufacture instruction.
- Load the reaction mixture (From "Run conjugation reaction") to the top of the Sephadex G-25 column.
- Add PBS (pH 7.2-7.4) as soon as the sample runs just below the top resin surface.
- Add more PBS (pH 7.2-7.4) to the desired sample to complete the column purification. Combine the fractions that contain the desired dye-protein conjugate.
Note For immediate use, the dye-protein conjugate need be diluted with staining buffer, and aliquoted for multiple uses.
Note For longer term storage, dye-protein conjugate solution need be concentrated or freeze dried.
Spectrum
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Product family
Name | Excitation (nm) | Emission (nm) | Extinction coefficient (cm -1 M -1) | Correction Factor (260 nm) | Correction Factor (280 nm) |
mFluor™ Blue 570 SE | 553 | 565 | 1200001 | 0.228 | 0.179 |
mFluor™ Blue 630 SE | 470 | 632 | 490001 | 0.197 | 0.275 |
mFluor™ Blue 660 SE | 481 | 663 | 260001 | 0.338 | 0.32 |
mFluor™ Blue 580 SE | 485 | 580 | 400001 | 0.363 | 0.247 |
mFluor™ Blue 620 SE | 589 | 616 | 980001 | 0.683 | 0.849 |
mFluor™ Violet 590 SE | 564 | 591 | 900001 | 0.632 | 0.329 |
mFluor™ Blue 585 SE | 491 | 578 | 450001 | - | - |
mFluor™ Blue 583 SE | 498 | 585 | 450001 | 1.17 | 0.35 |
mFluor™ Blue 615 SE | 510 | 615 | 400001 | - | - |
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References
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