What are the applications of fed-batch culture?

There are various applications of fed-batch culture. One application is in bio-industrial processes. The fed-batch strategy is commonly employed to achieve high cell densities within the bioreactor. Another application is it being used when involved with substrate inhibition. In scenarios where high substrate concentrations hinder microorganism growth or product production, controlling the feeding rate becomes crucial. Underfeeding can starve cells, while overfeeding can dilute products or lead to inhibitory substrate levels. Thus, regulation of substrate feeding is necessary for maximizing the target product yield. Another application is when organic solvents (when used as carbon source) can inhibit microorganism growth even at low concentrations. Fed-batch cultivation designs ensure slow nutrient feeding, preventing solvent concentrations from becoming inhibitory.