What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation?

Question

Accepted Answer

Basis of differentiation

Prokaryotic translation

Eukaryotic translation

Definition

The processes of transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm

Translation and transcription occur separately in cells, meaning they do not occur simultaneously

Stability

Unstable

Stable

Ribosome subunits

30S and 50S

40S and 60S

Release factors

RF1, RF2

eRF

Cap initiation

Does not use a cap

Is cap-dependent and cap-independent

Speed of process

Is comparatively faster

Is comparatively slower

Initiation factors

Requires 3 (IF1, IF2, and IF3)

Requires at least 12 initiation factors

Basis of differentiation	Prokaryotic translation	Eukaryotic translation
Definition	The processes of transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm	Translation and transcription occur separately in cells, meaning they do not occur simultaneously
Stability	Unstable	Stable
Ribosome subunits	30S and 50S	40S and 60S
Release factors	RF1, RF2	eRF
Cap initiation	Does not use a cap	Is cap-dependent and cap-independent
Speed of process	Is comparatively faster	Is comparatively slower
Initiation factors	Requires 3 (IF1, IF2, and IF3)	Requires at least 12 initiation factors