One main function of the protoplasm is that it facilitates metabolic processes essential for cell survival. It also expels waste products, protecting cells from potential harm and includes substances like urine and hormones. Additionally, the protoplasm fuels chemical reactions within cells, deriving energy from processes like  respiration in animals and photosynthesis in plants. It also enables cells to respond to stimuli, which is vital for cellular life. The protoplasm also supports cell growth, by helping to increase cell size and number.