What are the limitations of spread plate technique?

There are various limitations of the spread plate method. One drawback is that an additional instrument is required, such as a spreader, for even distribution. Another drawback is that for solid or semisolid samples, they must be converted into suspensions before inoculation. It also requires liquid or easily soluble samples, which often need serial dilution. The spread plate technique may not adequately support the growth of certain microorganisms like anaerobes and micropiles. Sterilization of tools is also required after each plate to avoid cross-contamination. This method also requires pre-solidified specific media beforehand, and thus prior knowledge is necessary about potential microorganisms in the sample.