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AAT Bioquest

What are the similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation initiation?

Posted March 27, 2024


Answer

Both processes involve the use of mRNA as a template for genetic information. Another similarity is that they both involve the use of ribosomal subunits. Both small and large ribosomal subunits come together to form the functional ribosome complex. AUG serves as the initiation codon in both, signaling the beginning of protein synthesis on the mRNA template. Another similarity is that GTP hydrolysis is a common process in both processes. GTP hydrolysis occurs during the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome and during the initiation of protein synthesis. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are essential in both processes for bringing the correct amino acids to the ribosome by matching specific codons on the mRNA with the corresponding amino acids.

Additional resources

Initiation of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

DNA and RNA Quantitation

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