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AAT Bioquest

What will happen if lysosomes are absent in a cell?

Posted August 22, 2024


Answer

Lysosomes are sphere-shaped, membrane-bound organelles that function as a cell’s waste disposal system. They contain hydrolytic enzymes that are involved in many cellular processes. These enzymes play a key role in lysosomes’ ability to digest and eliminate worn-out cell components, cellular waste, and foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria.  In the event that a cell is damaged beyond repair, lysosomes initiate apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death that helps the cell destroy itself in an attempt to limit the damaging effects. 

If lysosomes are absent in a cell, the cell would not be able to get rid of unwanted substances, resulting in an accumulation of toxic materials. Excessive buildup of toxic substances would eventually cause the cell to stop functioning, leading to cellular death. The absence of lysosomes in the cell would also make it easier for foreign invaders to attack and damage the cell.

Additional resources

A DNA nanomachine chemically resolves lysosomes in live cells

Lysosomes

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