How are T-cells different from B-cells?

Basis of differentiation 

T-cells 

B-cells

Definition 

Are a type of lymphocyte that mediates appropriate immune responses against infected or malignant cells in the body by secreting lymphokines or by direct contact 

Are a specific type of lymphocyte that transforms into two distinct groups – plasma cells and memory cells – on encountering a specific pathogen

Origin 

Originate in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus

Originate and mature in the bone marrow.

Also known as

T lymphocytes

B lymphocytes

Surface antibodies

Lack surface antigens

Surface antigens are present

Membrane receptor for antigen

TCR (T-cell receptor)

BCR (B-cell receptor)

Recognition of Antigens

Can only recognize viral antigens on the outside of the infected cells

Can recognize antigens on the surface of the bacteria and viruses

Types of immunity

Are involved in the cell-mediated immunity (CMI)

Are involved in the humoral or antibody-mediated immunity (AMI)

Inhibitory effect

A specific type - Suppressor T cells - have an inhibitory effect on the immune system

Do not have any inhibitory effect on the immune system

Life span 

Have longer lifespans

Have short lifespans

Secretion

Lymphokines

Antibodies 

Types 

3 types 

• Helper T cells
• Cytotoxic T cells
• Suppressor T cells

2 types 

• Plasma cells 
• Memory cells

Movement to the infected site

Move to the site of infection

Do not move to the site of infection

Defend against

Pathogens such as viruses, protists, and fungi that enter the cells in the body

Bacteria and viruses in the bloodstream or lymph