The organic components of protoplasm include proteins made up of amino acids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Non-organic components of protoplasm include water (which makes up the majority of the cell's mass), ions like K+ and Na+, inorganic compounds like O2 and CO2, and essential inorganic minerals such as Fe and Mg. The cytoplasm, and nucleus are also crucial components of the protoplasm.