Name: AAT Bioquest Tools for Studying Mitochondrial Function
Creator: AAT Bioquest
License: https://www.aatbio.com/tou.html

AAT Bioquest Tools for Studying Mitochondrial Function

Target	Tool	Ex/Em (nm)	Catalog Number	Mechanism of action
Mitochondrial membrane potential	TMRM	552/574	22221	TMRM and TMRE are membrane-permeant, cationic rhodamine dyes for live-cell dynamic studies of mitochondrial membrane potential. They selectively accumulate in active mitochondria with intact membrane potential and, upon loss of potential, leaks into the cytoplasm. TMRM and TMRE are multiplexable with dyes that emit violet, blue, green, and deep red fluorescence, such as nucleic acid stains Hoechst 33342 and DAPI, the lipid stain Nile Green™, and lysosomal stain LysoBrite™ Deep Red
Mitochondrial membrane potential	TMRE	552/574	22220	TMRM and TMRE are membrane-permeant, cationic rhodamine dyes for live-cell dynamic studies of mitochondrial membrane potential. They selectively accumulate in active mitochondria with intact membrane potential and, upon loss of potential, leaks into the cytoplasm. TMRM and TMRE are multiplexable with dyes that emit violet, blue, green, and deep red fluorescence, such as nucleic acid stains Hoechst 33342 and DAPI, the lipid stain Nile Green™, and lysosomal stain LysoBrite™ Deep Red
Mitochondrial membrane potential	JC-1	515/530	22200	JC-1 is a membrane-permeant, cationic carbocyanine dye for live-cell dynamic studies of mitochondrial membrane potential. It exhibits potential-dependent accumulation in mitochondria as indicated by a shift in fluorescence emission from 525 nm to 590 nm. At low concentrations due to low mitochondrial membrane potential, JC-1 exists as a monomer that yields green fluorescence with an emission of 530 nm. At high concentrations due to high mitochondrial membrane potential, JC-1 forms dye aggregates that yield orange fluorescence with an emission of 590 nm.
Mitochondrial membrane potential	JC™-10	508/524	22204	JC-10™ is an improved version of JC-1 offering better water solubility. JC-10 exhibits the same potential-dependent accumulation in mitochondria and shift in fluorescence emission from 524 nm to 590 nm. It can be used to study live-cell dynamics of mitochondrial membrane potential in flow cytometry, fluorescence imaging, and microplate assays.
Mitochondrial calcium flux	Rhod-2 AM	553/577	21060	Rhod-2 AM is a membrane-permeant calcium indicator that has utility in measuring mitochondrial calcium flux because of its preferential accumulation in mitochondria. Because of the low solubility of AM esters, a mild surfactant such as Pluronic^® F-127 is typically used to disperse the dye and facilitate cell loading.
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References

This online resource may be cited as follows

MLA	"Quest Database™ AAT Bioquest Tools for Studying Mitochondrial Function." AAT Bioquest, Inc., 15 May. 2026, https://www.aatbio.com/data-sets/aat-bioquest-tools-for-studying-mitochondrial-function.
APA	AAT Bioquest, Inc. (2026, May 15). Quest Database™ AAT Bioquest Tools for Studying Mitochondrial Function. AAT Bioquest. https://www.aatbio.com/data-sets/aat-bioquest-tools-for-studying-mitochondrial-function.
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