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How do you detect apoptosis?
Posted May 18, 2020
Chemical ReagentsAnnexin-V StainingApoptosis and NecrosisCell ViabilityCell Viability AssaysCellular ProcessesClassic DyesPhysiological ProbesTUNELannexin V
Answer
Apoptosis can be detected by monitoring one of the characteristics involved in the process.
- Morphological changes: imaging with electron microscopy
- DNA fragmentation: TUNEL assay, DNA ladder assay, the comet assay
- Activation of caspase: caspase activity assays involving various caspase substrates and inhibitors
- Release of cytochrome C: western blotting
- Exposure of phosphatidylserine on cell surface: Annexin V Staining
- Change of mitochondrial membrane potential: assays using fluorescent probes such as JC-1, Rhodamine 123, and JC-10TM
A wide variety of technologies can be used to detect apoptosis based on the aforementioned principles, including flow cytometry, ELISA, microscopy, fluorescence microplate reader et al.