iFluor® 546 Styramide *Superior Replacement for Alexa Fluor 546 tyramide*
Ordering information
| Price | |
| Catalog Number | |
| Unit Size | |
| Quantity |
Additional ordering information
| Telephone | 1-800-990-8053 |
| Fax | 1-800-609-2943 |
| sales@aatbio.com | |
| Quotation | Request |
| International | See distributors |
| Shipping | Standard overnight for United States, inquire for international |
Physical properties
| Molecular weight | 1326.69 |
| Solvent | DMSO |
Spectral properties
| Correction Factor (260 nm) | 0.25 |
| Correction Factor (280 nm) | 0.15 |
| Extinction coefficient (cm -1 M -1) | 1000001 |
| Excitation (nm) | 541 |
| Emission (nm) | 557 |
| Quantum yield | 0.671 |
Storage, safety and handling
| H-phrase | H303, H313, H333 |
| Hazard symbol | XN |
| Intended use | Research Use Only (RUO) |
| R-phrase | R20, R21, R22 |
| Storage | Freeze (< -15 °C); Minimize light exposure |
| UNSPSC | 12352200 |
| Overview |  SDSProtocol |
See also: Antibodies and Proteomics, Antibody and Protein Labeling, Bioconjugation, Cell Structures and Organelles, Nucleus, DNA and RNA Quantitation, Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) and Poly-HRP, iFluor® Dyes and Kits, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Physiological Probes, Power Styramide™ Signal Amplification (PSA™)
Molecular weight 1326.69 | Correction Factor (260 nm) 0.25 | Correction Factor (280 nm) 0.15 | Extinction coefficient (cm -1 M -1) 1000001 | Excitation (nm) 541 | Emission (nm) 557 | Quantum yield 0.671 |
Power Styramide™ Signal Amplification (PSA™) system is one of the most sensitive methods that can detect extremely low-abundance targets in cells and tissues with improved fluorescence signal 10-50 times higher than the widely used tyramide (TSA) reagents. In combination with our superior iFluor® dyes that have higher florescence intensity, increased photostability and enhanced water solubility, the iFluor® dye-labeled Styramide™ conjugates can generate fluorescence signal with significantly higher precision and sensitivity (more than 100 times) than standard ICC/IF/IHC. PSA utilizes the catalytic activity of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for covalent deposition of fluorophores in situ. PSA radicals have much higher reactivity than tyramide radicals, making the PSA system much faster, more robust and sensitive than the traditional TSA reagents. Compared to tyramide reagents, the Styramide™ conjugates have ability to label the target at higher efficiency and thus generate significantly higher fluorescence signal. Styramide™ conjugates also allow significantly less consumption of primary antibody compared to standard directly conjugate method or tyramide amplification with the same level of sensitivity. iFluor® 546 Styramide is a superior replacement for Alexa Fluor 546 tyramide or other spectrally similar fluorescent tyramide conjugates or TSA reagents.
Platform
Fluorescence microscope
| Excitation | Cy3/TRITC filter set |
| Emission | Cy3/TRITC filter set |
| Recommended plate | Black wall/clear bottom |
| Instrument specification(s) | Cy3/TRITC filter set |
Example protocol
AT A GLANCE
Protocol Summary
- Fix/permeabilize/block cells or tissue
- Add primary antibody in blocking buffer
- Add HRP-conjugated secondary antibody
- Prepare Styramide™ working solution and apply in cells or tissue for 5-10 minutes at room temperature
PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTIONS
Unless otherwise noted, all unused stock solutions should be divided into single-use aliquots and stored at -20 °C after preparation. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
1. Styramide™ stock solution (100X)
Add 100 µL of DMSO into the vial of iFluor™ dye-labeled Styramide™ conjugate to make 100X Styramide™ stock solution. Note: Make single use aliquots, and store unused 100X stock solution at 2-8 °C in dark place and avoid repeat freeze-thaw cycles.2. H2O2 stock solution
Add 10 µL of 3% hydrogen peroxide (Not provided) to 90 µL of ddH2O. Note: Prepare the 100X H2O2 solution fresh on the day of use.PREPARATION OF WORKING SOLUTION
1. Styramide™ working solution (1X)
Every 1 mL of Reaction Buffer requires 10 µL of Styramide™ stock solution and 10 µL of H2O2 stock solution. Note: The Styramide™ provided is enough for 100 tests based on 100 µL of Styramide™ working solution needed per coverslip or per well in a 96-well microplate. Note: The Styramide™ working solution must be used within 2 hours after preparation and avoid direct exposure to light.2. Secondary antibody-HRP working solution
Make appropriate concentration of secondary antibody-HRP working solution as per the manufacturer's recommendations.SAMPLE EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL
This protocol is applicable for both cells and tissues staining.
Protocol can be found at https://www.aatbio.com/resources/guides/paraffin-embedded-tissueimmunohistochemistry-protocol.html
Cell fixation and permeabilization
- Fix the cells or tissue with 3.7% formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde, in PBS at room temperature for 20 minutes.
- Rinse the cells or tissue with PBS twice.
- Permeabilize the cells with 0.1% Triton X-100 solution for 1-5 minutes at room temperature.
- Rinse the cells or tissue with PBS twice.
Tissue fixation, deparaffinization and rehydration
Deparaffinize and dehydrate the tissue according to the standard IHC protocols. Perform antigen retrieval with preferred specific solution/protocol as needed.Protocol can be found at https://www.aatbio.com/resources/guides/paraffin-embedded-tissueimmunohistochemistry-protocol.html
Peroxidase labeling
- Optional: Quench endogenous peroxidase activity by incubating cell or tissue sample in peroxidase quenching solution (such as 3% hydrogen peroxide) for 10 minutes. Rinse with PBS twice at room temperature.
- Optional: If using HRP-conjugated streptavidin, it is advisable to block endogenous biotins by biotin blocking buffer.
- Block with preferred blocking solution (such as PBS with 1% BSA) for 30 minutes at 4 °C.
- Remove blocking solution and add primary antibody diluted in recommended antibody diluent for 60 minutes at room temperature or overnight at 4 °C.
- Wash with PBS three times for 5 minutes each.
- Apply 100 µL of secondary antibody-HRP working solution to each sample and incubate for 60 minutes at room temperature. Note: Incubation time and concentration can be varied depending on the signal intensity.
- Wash with PBS three times for 5 minutes each.
Styramide labeling
- Prepare and apply 100 µL of Styramide™ working solution to each sample and incubate for 5-10 minutes at room temperature. Note: If you observe non-specific signal, you can shorten the incubation time with Styramide. You should optimize the incubation period using positive and negative control samples at various incubation time points. Or you can use lower concentration of Styramide in the working solution.
- Rinse with PBS three times.
Counterstain and fluorescence imaging
- Counterstain the cell or tissue samples as needed. AAT provides a series of nucleus counterstain reagents as listed in Table 1. Follow the instruction provided with the reagents.
- Mount the coverslip using a mounting medium with anti-fading properties.
- Use the appropriate filter set to visualize the signal from the Styramide labeling.
| Cat# | Product Name | Ex/Em (nm) |
| 17548 | Nuclear Blue™ DCS1 | 350/461 |
| 17550 | Nuclear Green™ DCS1 | 503/526 |
| 17551 | Nuclear Orange™ DCS1 | 528/576 |
| 17552 | Nuclear Red™ DCS1 | 642/660 |
Calculators
Common stock solution preparation
Table 1. Volume of DMSO needed to reconstitute specific mass of iFluor® 546 Styramide *Superior Replacement for Alexa Fluor 546 tyramide* to given concentration. Note that volume is only for preparing stock solution. Refer to sample experimental protocol for appropriate experimental/physiological buffers.
| 0.1 mg | 0.5 mg | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 75.376 µL | 376.878 µL | 753.756 µL | 3.769 mL | 7.538 mL |
| 5 mM | 15.075 µL | 75.376 µL | 150.751 µL | 753.756 µL | 1.508 mL |
| 10 mM | 7.538 µL | 37.688 µL | 75.376 µL | 376.878 µL | 753.756 µL |
Molarity calculator
Enter any two values (mass, volume, concentration) to calculate the third.
| Mass (Calculate) | Molecular weight | Volume (Calculate) | Concentration (Calculate) | Moles | ||||
| / | = | x | = |
Spectrum
Open in Advanced Spectrum Viewer
Spectral properties
| Correction Factor (260 nm) | 0.25 |
| Correction Factor (280 nm) | 0.15 |
| Extinction coefficient (cm -1 M -1) | 1000001 |
| Excitation (nm) | 541 |
| Emission (nm) | 557 |
| Quantum yield | 0.671 |
Product Family
Images
Figure 1. Microtubules of fixed HeLa cells were labeled with anti-α tubulin mouse mAb followed by HRP-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG (Cat No. 16728). The fluorescence signal was developed using Alexa Fluor® 546 tyramide or iFluor® 546 styramide™ (Cat No. 45025) and detected with a TRITC/Cy3 filter set. iFluor® 546 styramide™ shows significantly higher fluorescence intensity than Alexa Fluor® 546 tyramide under the same conditions.
Figure 2. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human lung tissue was labeled with anti-EpCAM mouse mAb followed by HRP-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG (Cat No. 16728). The fluorescence signal was developed using iFluor® 546 styramide (Cat No. 45025) and detected with a TRITC/Cy3 filter set. Nuclei (blue) were counterstained with DAPI (Cat No. 17507).
Figure 3. Power Styramide™ Signal Amplification (PSA™) system is one of the most sensitive methods that can detect extremely low-abundance targets in cells and tissues with improved fluorescence signal 10-50 times higher than the widely used tyramide (TSA) reagents. In combination with our superior iFluor® dyes that have higher florescence intensity, increased photostability and enhanced water solubility, the iFluor® dye-labeled Styramide™ conjugates can generate fluorescence signal with significantly higher precision and sensitivity (more than 100 times) than standard ICC/IF/IHC. PSA utilizes the catalytic activity of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for covalent deposition of fluorophores in situ. PSA radicals have much higher reactivity than tyramide radicals, making the PSA system much faster, more robust and sensitive than the traditional TSA reagents.