NAD/NADH and NADP/NADPH
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides are abundant soluble cofactors that undergo reversible oxidation and reduction in major metabolic pathways. In cells they are present in oxidized and reduced states as their unphosphorylated (NAD and NADH) and phosphorylated (NADP and NADPH) forms. These dinucleotides work in pairs, and each pair has distinct functions. They have become a point of focus in cancer research because, as metabolites, they can tie metabolic pathways to transcriptional control, epigenetics and cell signaling as cells switch from a normal metabolism to a cancer cell (proliferative) metabolism.
Table of Contents
NAD/NADH
NAD is most often associated with catabolic pathways (glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation); however its role in the cell involves more than energy metabolism. NAD is an important substrate in several signaling pathways and is involved in the epigenetic control of gene expression. It is the substrate used for ADP ribosylation and has roles in DNA repair , signaling regulation and signaling. The ratio of NAD/NADH influences the activity of many enzymes, especially the glycolytic enzymes.
NADP/NADPH
Amplite™ Colorimetric NAD/NADH Ratio Assay Kit (Cat#15273) was used to measure NAD/NADH ratio in a 96-well white wall/clear bottom microplate using a SpectraMax® microplate reader (Molecular Devices). Equal amount of NAD and NADH mixtures were treated with or without NAD extraction solution for 15 minutes, and then neutralized with extraction solution at room temperature. The signal was read at 460 nm. NAD/NADH ratio was calculated based on the absorbance shown in the figure.
Monitoring the changes in intracellular levels of these important target-independent metabolites can allow us to better understand the link between altered metabolism and various diseases. Rapid and easy-to-use assays for key metabolites can facilitate these studies.
Product Ordering Information
Table 1. Ordering Info for NAD/NADH Products
Cat# ▲ ▼ | Product Name ▲ ▼ | Unit Size ▲ ▼ |
15257 | Amplite® Fluorimetric Total NAD and NADH Assay Kit *Red Fluorescence* | 400 Tests |
15258 | Amplite® Colorimetric Total NAD and NADH Assay Kit | 400 Tests |
15261 | Amplite® Fluorimetric NADH Assay Kit *Red Fluorescence* | 400 Tests |
15263 | Amplite® Fluorimetric NAD/NADH Ratio Assay Kit *Red Fluorescence* | 250 Tests |
15271 | Amplite® Colorimetric NADH Assay Kit | 400 Tests |
15273 | Amplite® Colorimetric NAD/NADH Ratio Assay Kit | 250 Tests |
15275 | Amplite® Colorimetric Total NAD and NADH Assay Kit *Enhanced Sensitivity* | 400 Tests |
15280 | Amplite® Fluorimetric NAD Assay Kit *Blue Fluorescence* | 200 Tests |
Table 2. Ordering Info for NADP/NADPH Products
Cat# ▲ ▼ | Product Name ▲ ▼ | Unit Size ▲ ▼ |
15260 | Amplite® Colorimetric Total NADP and NADPH Assay Kit | 400 Tests |
15262 | Amplite® Fluorimetric NADPH Assay Kit *Red Fluorescence* | 400 Tests |
15264 | Amplite® Fluorimetric NADP/NADPH Ratio Assay Kit *Red Fluorescence* | 250 Tests |
15265 | ReadiUse™ NADPH Regenerating Kit | 1000 Tests |
15272 | Amplite® Colorimetric NADPH Assay Kit | 400 Tests |
15274 | Amplite® Colorimetric NADP/NADPH Ratio Assay Kit | 250 Tests |
15276 | Amplite® Colorimetric Total NADP and NADPH Assay Kit *Enhanced Sensitivity* | 400 Tests |
15281 | Amplite® Fluorimetric NADP Assay Kit *Blue Fluorescence* | 200 Tests |
15295 | Cell Meter™ Intracellular NADH/NADPH Fluorescence Imaging Kit *Deep Red Fluorescence* | 100 Tests |