PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) (1X, pH 7.4) Preparation and Recipe

PBS is an isotonic buffer frequently used in biological applications, such as washing cells, transportation of tissues, and dilutions. PBS closely mimics the pH, osmolarity, and ion concentrations of the human body. Since it is nontoxic to cells, it is extensively used for cell container rinsing and other preparations that might leave a residue. It is simple to prepare and has good shelf life, but will precipitate in the presence of zinc ions.

To prepare

L of PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) (1X, pH 7.4):

Change the value in the textbox above to scale the recipe volume

Table 1. Required components

Component	Amount	Concentration
Sodium chloride (mw: 58.44 g / mol)	#	#
Potassium Chloride (mw: 74.55 g / mol)	#	#
Sodium Phosphate Dibasic (mw: 141.96 g / mol)	#	#
Potassium Phosphate Monobasic (mw: 136.09 g / mol)	#	#

Prepare 800 mL of distilled water in a suitable container.
Add # of Sodium chloride to the solution
Add # of Potassium Chloride to the solution
Add # of Sodium Phosphate Dibasic to the solution
Add # of Potassium Phosphate Monobasic to the solution
Adjust solution to desired pH (typically pH ≈ 7.4).
Add distilled water until the volume is 1 L.

References

This online resource may be cited as follows

MLA	"Quest Calculate™ PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) (1X, pH 7.4) Preparation and Recipe." AAT Bioquest, Inc., 30 Oct. 2025, https://www.aatbio.com/resources/buffer-preparations-and-recipes/pbs-phosphate-buffered-saline.
APA	AAT Bioquest, Inc. (2025, October 30). Quest Calculate™ PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) (1X, pH 7.4) Preparation and Recipe. AAT Bioquest. https://www.aatbio.com/resources/buffer-preparations-and-recipes/pbs-phosphate-buffered-saline.
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