PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) (1X, pH 7.4) recipe and preparation

PBS is a buffer frequently used in biological applications, such as washing cells, transportation of tissues, and dilutions. PBS closely mimics the pH, osmolarity, and ion concentrations of the human body.

To prepare L of PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) (1X, pH 7.4):
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Table 1. Required components

Component	Mass	Molarity
NaCl (mw: 58.4 g/mol)	8 g	0.137 M
KCl (mw: 74.551 g/mol)	200 mg	0.0027 M
Na2HPO4 (mw: 141.96 g/mol)	1.44 g	0.01 M
KH2PO4 (mw: 136.086 g/mol)	240 mg	0.0018 M

1. Prepare 800 mL of distilled water in a suitable container.
2. Add 8 g of NaCl to the solution.
3. Add 200 mg of KCl to the solution.
4. Add 1.44 g of Na₂HPO₄ to the solution.
5. Add 240 mg of KH₂PO₄ to the solution.
6. Adjust solution to desired pH (typically pH ≈ 7.4).
7. Add distilled water until volume is 1 L.